As we all know, breast cancer is a malignant disease that seriously affects women’s life and health. Many women are very afraid of breast cancer and fear that they will get it. Whenever there is pain in the breast, they are very afraid, especially when there is a lump, they are scared to death and they are worried all day long. What are the signs of breast cancer and how close are you to it? Lumps Lumps are the typical manifestation of breast cancer, especially the painless kind of lumps. Sometimes, breast cancer is mostly found when you massage your own breast and feel a small hard lump inside your breast without any pain or itch and without any discomfort, then you should be alert whether it is breast cancer. There is a difference between breast cancer lumps and lumps formed by benign fibroadenomas. Generally, benign lumps are more regular in shape, round or oval, with a smooth surface, and when pushing the lump, it feels less related to the surrounding tissues. On the contrary, breast cancer lumps are generally irregular in shape and have a burr-like sensation. When pushing the lump, it feels like the lump is moving around a large piece of tissue and the boundaries of the lump cannot be felt. There is another kind of benign lump in the breast that is also very common, which is a cumulus cyst in the breast. This is caused by the retention of unabsorbed milk in the breast when breastfeeding. It is usually a large irregular lump, but it has a history of breastfeeding and can cause inflammation of the surrounding tissues, making it painful to touch. Palpation is the most direct way to detect breast cancer, you can touch the breast clockwise in a circle, so that the chance of finding breast lumps is high. Nipple overflow Generally, you can find bloody fluid overflowing from the nipple in case of breast cancer. However, this is not a direct evidence of breast cancer. Most of the diseases with nipple overflow are mostly seen in intraductal papilloma of breast, which is now considered as a precancerous lesion of breast cancer. Small papillary or cauliflower-shaped swellings within the excised breast ducts are, of course, not breast cancer. Sometimes, cystic lesions of the breast may also have a white, milk-like substance spilling out. In this case, you can collect a drop or two with a glass slice to check if the cells inside have heterogeneous changes. If the cancerous tissues invade the nipple and there is a large amount of fibrous tissue growth, the contraction of the fibrous tissue around the cancer may cause the nipple to sink. In addition, if cancer tissues block the lymphatic vessels in the dermis, it may cause skin edema and make the skin at the hair follicles and sweat glands sink relatively, resulting in an orange peel-like appearance change. In advanced stage, if the cancer tissue invades the skin, ulcers can occur. Paget’s disease can cause erosions and cracking of the nipple area, making the nipple skin look and feel like eczema. This is an in situ cancerous lesion of the skin, which can be secondary to breast cancer. Lumps in other parts of the body Sometimes, small nodules are found in other parts of the body during physical examination, and after removal and pathological examination, they are found to be lymph nodes derived from breast cancer metastasis. These enlarged lymph nodes are mostly found in the armpit, and sometimes in the upper or lower clavicle. When such enlarged lymph nodes are found, it is best to have pathological examination after removal to determine its nature. V. Other factors The occurrence of breast cancer is closely related to the level of estrogen. The risk of breast cancer is twice as high in women with amenorrhea at the age of 55 than in those with amenorrhea before the age of 45. In addition, family history of breast cancer, obesity and long-term exposure to radioactive substances may increase the chances of breast cancer. Breast cancer is now the number one malignant tumor among women. Early detection and treatment have always been the key factors in tumor prevention and treatment. Nowadays, there are many methods for early detection and treatment of breast cancer, such as mammography of breast lumps, pathological examination of breast lumps by puncture, cytological examination of nipple discharge, etc. These methods can detect and treat breast cancer as early as possible. These methods can detect and treat breast cancer as early as possible. It is believed that in the near future, breast cancer can be cured.