Bladder tumor is the most common tumor in the urinary system, and its treatment mainly consists of surgical resection, and the latest treatment mainly consists of targeted therapy and immunotherapy against advanced bladder cancer. Bladder tumor is the most common tumor in the urinary system, and its main treatment means is surgery, including transurethral cystectomy, radical cystectomy and so on. Its latest treatments are mostly in the clinical trial stage and contain: 1. advances in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC): pembrolizumab can be used in high-risk NMIBC patients who are BCG non-responsive, with or without papillary tumors, with carcinoma in situ, and who are unsuitable for or do not undergo cystectomy. 2. Advances in neoadjuvant therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC): neoadjuvant chemotherapy improves the prognosis of patients. Combined immunotherapy with devalumab and trimethoprim monotherapy and atezolizumab alone can be used for neoadjuvant treatment of cisplatin-intolerant MIBC patients. 3. Postoperative adjuvant therapy for MIBC: postoperative radiotherapy can address focal lesions and metastatic lesions. 4. Advances in the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic bladder cancer: chemotherapy combined with atezolizumab can be used for the treatment of untreated metastatic uroepithelial carcinoma (UC) patients; tirilizumab can be used for the treatment of patients with UC who have failed first-line treatment in the late stage; pembrolizumab or atezolizumab monotherapy can be used for the treatment of patients with UC who have failed first-line chemotherapy in the late stage. If bladder tumor is suspected or diagnosed, it is recommended to go to regular hospitals for comprehensive assessment of the condition, follow the doctor’s instructions to cooperate with the treatment, and choose the appropriate treatment plan to avoid delaying the condition.