Many elderly people choose to undergo cystostomy, a method of urinary diversion in which the bladder is punctured suprapubically and a fistula tube is placed into the bladder to drain urine directly, due to poor health, bladder inability to contract, and severe urethral stricture. Fistula solves the problem of the elderly not being able to urinate, but the post-operative period is not once and for all, and there are many areas that need attention. Only by strengthening postoperative care can the fistula function and avoid complications that can cause pain to the elderly. The following are some of the things to keep in mind: 1. Replace the fistula regularly. It is very important to replace the fistula once a month or so. If they are not replaced for a long time, many problems can occur, such as infections, blockages, stones, etc. I once met an elderly man who had a fistula in place for more than a year and came to the hospital to have it replaced only after it was blocked. We found that the head of the fistula was encrusted with stones and could not be pulled out directly. We had to go back into the operating room and crush the stones under the endoscope before pulling out the original fistula and replacing it with a new one. 2. Keep the skin at the fistula mouth dry. The skin at the stoma is in contact with the fistula and is prone to inflammatory reactions such as redness, secretions, and hyperplasia. You should pay attention to local care, iodophor disinfection 2-3 times a day, to keep the local dry, to prevent inflammatory reactions aggravated. 3. Drink more water. Because the lumen of the indwelling fistula is small, if you drink little water, the urine is concentrated so much that it is easy to block. The chances of blockage will be reduced if you drink more water to dilute the urine and flush the lumen of the urinary tube. 4. Seek medical attention when the flow of fistula drainage is significantly reduced. Many elderly people who have cystostomies are elderly, bedridden for a long time and cannot take care of themselves, have difficulty feeling and expressing themselves, and often fail to inform their families in time if there is a blockage in the fistula, leading to serious consequences. It is recommended that in this case, family members should pay special attention to the flow of the fistula. 5, the fistula is fixed indeed. The fistula must be fixed, and special care should be taken when turning the elderly and changing the sheets to avoid pulling the fistula out. 6, fistula dislodged. The fistula may fall off due to carelessness or leakage of the fistula balloon. If this happens, you should go to the hospital promptly. In a short period of time there is still a fistula placed into the bladder through the original channel, but if it takes too long it is necessary to re-puncture the fistula, causing unnecessary pain to the elderly. 7, urinary frequency, urinary urgency and other discomfort. Some elderly people experience discomfort such as frequent and urgent urination after replacing the fistula, and should promptly communicate with their doctor to see if the fistula is placed into the prostate urethra due to irritation. If this is the case you should adjust the position of the tube in time. 8. cloudy and feverish urine. If you find cloudy urine with flocculent floating matter and the elderly person has fever and loss of appetite, you should think about the possibility of urinary tract infection. Please contact the doctor promptly and perform urine bacterial culture or fungal culture with the physical condition of the elderly, and apply antibacterial drugs in a targeted manner. 9. Clamp the fistula appropriately during the day and open it for 2 hours or when the elderly feel suffocated to keep the bladder at a certain capacity, so as to exercise the bladder function and avoid the continued decline of bladder function after disuse; do not clamp the fistula at night, so that the elderly and caregivers can rest well. 10, let the elderly drink 300-500ml of water before coming to the hospital to change the tube, and clamp the fistula tube for 1-2 hours to make the bladder properly filled, so that the doctor can judge whether the tube depth is appropriate when changing the tube, and avoid putting it too deep or not in the right place. In conclusion, it is important to strengthen the care after cystostomy to play the effective role of this method to avoid complications and let the elderly live their old age in peace.