At present, a number of research studies on the characteristics of the community hypertensive population in China show that the main risk factors affecting the control of hypertension in China contain the following five points. 1.Smoking There are smoking
Habit of hypertensive patients, the sensitivity to antihypertensive drugs is reduced, anti-hypertensive treatment is not easy to get a significant therapeutic effect, while smoking has an impact on lipid metabolism, can make LDL cholesterol rise, HDL cholesterol decline, thus promoting the formation of atherosclerosis. 2, the diet is salty American adult nutrition and health survey found that systolic blood pressure and sodium intake has a significant correlation: sodium intake per 1g / d, the average systolic blood pressure rose 1.04mmHg, limit the intake of sodium can make blood pressure lower. In China, about 60% of hypertensive patients for salt-sensitive hypertension, limit the intake of salt for China’s hypertensive patients blood pressure control is particularly important. 3, obesity Our population is prone to abdominal fat accumulation, even in the body mass index (BMI) normal population also has 14% for the central obesity. Abdominal fat accumulation is more likely to cause hypertension, dyslipidemia and the occurrence of diabetes. It has been reported in the literature that at least 75% of the occurrence of hypertension is associated with obesity. Community survey studies in several provinces and cities show that BMI and waist circumference are the main risk factors affecting the rate of blood pressure control. 4, lack of physical exercise After participating in physical exercise, the vascular resistance of the circulatory system, plasma adrenaline and renin activity decreased is the main reason for the decrease in blood pressure. Combined with the results of several previous surveys on health and nutrition in China, data from communities in several provinces and cities show that the blood pressure control rate of hypertensive patients who regularly participate in physical exercise is significantly higher than that of people who lack physical exercise. 5, regular alcohol consumption Alcohol consumption can contribute to increased blood pressure through a number of mechanisms such as increased sympathetic nervous system activity, dysregulation of pressure receptor reflexes, and changes in vascular reactivity and permeability. At present, the proportion of hypertensive patients who drink alcohol regularly in the community is 14-16%, regardless of men and women, the prevalence of hypertension is higher in people with high drinking frequency than in those with low drinking frequency, and the blood pressure control rate is lower than in those with low drinking frequency.