The etiology of chronic prostatitis is complex, and although there is a considerable degree of understanding of its numerous pathogenesis, none of it has been groundbreaking. It is now believed that chronic prostatitis may be due to primary or secondary diseases of the prostate and its surrounding tissues and organs, muscles and nerves, and that even after these diseases have been cured or completely eradicated, the damage and pathological changes it causes continue to act independently, and that the etiology may center on a combination of infection, inflammation, and abnormal pelvic floor neuromuscular activity. Therefore the role of one factor cannot be emphasized in a one-sided manner. No single organ or single pathogenesis can reasonably explain the many complex clinical manifestations of prostatitis, but is often the result of multiple factors acting together through different mechanisms, one or more of which may play a key role.