The mechanism of pterygoid nerve resection is the removal of the parasympathetic nerve in the nose, which causes the vascularity of the nasal cavity and sinuses to be constricted, and the secretion of nasal secretions and lacrimal glands to be greatly reduced. After removal of the pterygoid nerve, the edema of the lamina propria of the nasal mucosa is reduced, the epithelium is restored to a pseudostratified state, the eosinophils disappear, and the mast cell degranulation is reduced. As a result, the release of mediators such as histamine, heparin and 5-hydroxytryptamine is also reduced, and the postoperative allergic provocation test may be negative. These results are the rationale used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, vasodilatory rhinitis and nasal polyps. The efficiency of pterygoid nerve resection is reported to be about 60%. The location of the pterygoid nerve is hidden and the removal of the pterygoid nerve requires relatively high surgeon skill. Considering the difference in equipment and surgeon’s skills in different hospitals, the actual efficiency may be higher, and the efficiency of pterygoid nerve resection in high level hospitals abroad can reach about 80%. For patients with uncontrollable rhinorrhea or those who are intolerant to medication, pterygoid nerve resection can be considered. The main complication of pterygoid canal neurectomy is postoperative dry eye, but it is relatively safe as it can mostly recover in about a month.