Thyroid cancer is a common malignant tumor of the head and neck, and is more common in women. Its etiology is yet to be clarified. Thyroid cancer includes papillary carcinoma, follicular cell carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, thyroid lymphoma, etc. The main symptoms are as follows: 1. At the beginning, patients have symptoms of enlarged neck and local tumor, and the surface of the tumor is bumpy, fixed and hard. With the development of the disease, the tumor will become larger and compress the trachea resulting in difficulty in breathing, hoarse voice, obstructive feeling when swallowing or enlargement of nearby lymph glands. 2. Papillary carcinoma is the slowest growing and has few symptoms other than palpable thyroid nodules and local lymph node enlargement, which is difficult to detect when the tumor is small and located deep in the thyroid gland. Follicular cell carcinoma presents as a nodular nail swelling, mostly single nodule, hard as stone, and may involve the whole lobe of the thyroid gland, with erosion of adjacent tissues, pain and distant metastasis in later stages. Follicular cell carcinoma and its metastases have iodine uptake function and may occasionally cause hyperthyroidism. 3.Undifferentiated carcinoma manifests as enlarged thyroid mass and pain. Erosion of adjacent tissues may cause hoarseness, respiratory distress and dysphagia. The lump is painful, hard as stone, and fixed with surrounding tissues, and the local lymph nodes are enlarged. Diagnosis of thyroid cancer mainly takes medical history and local physical examination, radionuclide examination, X-ray examination, ultrasound examination and fine needle aspiration cytology examination. Thyroid cancer is usually treated by a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and endocrine therapy.