The definition of torticollis (twisted neck, wryneck) includes both congenital and acquired, as well as organic and psychogenic aspects of neck tilting. Congenital myotonic neck is caused by contracture of the sternocleidomastoid muscle on one side. The etiology of congenital myotonic neck has not been fully confirmed. 1.Muscle injury due to birth injury: In 1838, Stoomeyer proposed that the sternocleidomastoid muscle was damaged during childbirth and a hematoma was formed. This theory has been basically rejected. 2, abnormal fetal position caused muscle ischemia: in 1957, Lidge and other cited 87 breech position and other abnormal fetal position of pregnant women, after caesarean section was reported to have oblique neck. 1948 Chandler, 1955 Kiesewetter proposed abnormal fetal position caused sternocleidomastoid muscle pressure, and caused muscle ischemia, the force of delivery caused injury resulting in muscle damage. In China, Tang Shengping’s observation on the sternocleidomastoid mass and ischemia of the muscle in infants showed that the sternocleidomastoid muscle has four to five muscle branches for blood supply; the superior scapular artery reaches the beginning of the muscle through the back of the clavicle; the transverse cervical artery enters from the back of the sternocleidomastoid muscle; the superior thyroid artery enters from the middle part of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and travels on the deep side; the external carotid artery and the posterior auricular and occipital arteries. It is proposed that the cause of the occurrence of the oblique neck may be caused by the disorder of the development of this muscle. In 1951, Reye suggested the possibility of congenital defects in the development of muscle anlage. In a typical case, the head and neck are tilted to the affected side at birth, the chin is turned to the opposite side, and the affected cheek is small. 10-14 days later, a tumor-like mass can be found in the sternocleidomastoid muscle on the affected side. The cervical spine is normal and the passive movement of the neck can reach the normal range. The mass worsens within 2 to 4 weeks, is maintained for 2 to 3 months, and gradually degenerates over a period of 4 to 8 months. In a few cases, the residual lesion muscle gradually contracted, producing a fixed sloping neck and craniofacial asymmetry. It should be differentiated from other types of oblique neck, such as osseous oblique neck and oculogenic oblique neck. The presence of other deformities should be noted. Treatment In accordance with the view that sternocleidomastoid masses disappear spontaneously in infancy and do not leave muscle contractures, many experts believe that secondary injury to the diseased muscles should be avoided in conservative treatment, and therefore, injectable medications and massage therapy may not be necessary. Maintaining the neck in an orthopedic position and rotational neck stretching is beneficial. Surgical procedures should not be performed during the period of verrucous masses. It is recommended that surgery should be performed more than 1 year after the sternocleidomastoid contracture and scarring process is complete. cheek deformities may still recover after correction of the deformity up to 4 years of age, but will be difficult to recover after 6 years of age. after 8 years of age the head is set and facial deformities are unlikely to recover. Therefore, the age of surgery should be before 4 years old, and the best age is between 1 and 2 years old. Surgical correction methods for myotonic squint: ① sternocleidomastoid head and clavicle head severing; ② sternocleidomastoid papillary head severing; ③ sternocleidomastoid triceps severing; ④ sternocleidomastoid muscle lengthening.