In children with pectus excavatum, we must first distinguish whether the abnormality is congenital or due to acquired factors. Congenital pheochorax, which is generally related to family history, is due to an imbalance in the development of the sternum and vertebrae and ribs during the fetal or infantile period resulting in a deformity of the thorax. Acquired pectus excavatum is mainly due to malnutrition and some secondary intrathoracic diseases, such as rickets and respiratory tract infections. If the deformity is mild, it usually has no effect on cardiopulmonary function and no other clinical symptoms. However, if the deformity is severe, it will affect the function of heart and lungs, and it will be easy to develop respiratory problems, such as infection, asthma, etc. Moreover, there are different types of corpus cavernosum, the most common being symmetrical, and some rare asymmetrical types, mixed deformity of corpus cavernosum and funnel chest, and upper rib cartilage sternal deformity. For the treatment of severe pectus excavatum, most of them need to choose surgical correction. However, what we must do is prevention, including supplementation of micronutrients such as calcium and vitamin D during pregnancy, taking vitamin D daily in preventive amounts after the birth of the child, sunbathing after the full moon, and doing some health exercises when the child is a little older are also very effective means of prevention.