Sputum is the most accurate way to diagnose tuberculosis, and sputum culture isolated from Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the gold standard for the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is an acute respiratory infection, mainly due to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, resulting in a series of changes in the lungs, which can manifest as low fever in the afternoon, night sweats, weight loss, weakness, cough, sputum or hemoptysis. CT imaging of the lungs shows multiple forms of coexistence, such as infiltrative growth, caseous, and fibrous calcified lesions, mostly in the post-apical segment of the upper lobe, the dorsal segment of the lower lobe, and the posterior basal segment.