The most common causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding are ulcers, esophageal and fundic varices, gastritis, gastric cancer, etc. The main manifestations are vomiting blood and black stool, and in case of gastrointestinal hemorrhage, the manifestations are coma, blood pressure drop, heart rate increase, and even life-threatening. First aid measures: 1. When vomiting blood or black stool occurs, the patient’s nervousness will aggravate the bleeding. The correct approach is to lie quietly in bed. The patient or family should tell neighbors or colleagues in the unit and have someone accompany them to the clinic to prevent accidents. 2, patients with gastrointestinal hemorrhage, can first lie down, head low limb high, in the foot pillow, and the bed surface into 30 degrees, in order to facilitate the lower limb blood return to the heart, to ensure the brain blood supply. When vomiting blood, tilt the patient’s head to the side to avoid suffocation caused by blood aspiration into the trachea, and pay attention to keeping warm at the same time. For those who have gone into shock, remove the blood accumulated in the mouth in time. Contact with emergency personnel at the same time. 3.If the patient is irritable, let him/her take Valium tablets orally to reduce the stress reaction and help the bleeding to stop. You can also drink cold drinks or ice water slowly and intermittently at about 5 degrees Celsius, 100 to 200 ml each time. 4.Stop eating after bleeding occurs, so as not to aggravate the rupture of esophageal veins, and not to take dilute hydrochloric acid, vinegar or other digestive drugs, so as not to deepen the ulcer and make the bleeding difficult to stop, and not to apply heat to the abdomen, so as not to congest the stomach and intestines and aggravate the bleeding. 5, to the hospital when transferring patients, whether with emergency vehicles or cabs, should let the patient lying down, to prevent bumps, so as not to aggravate the shock.