I remember about a year or so ago, a woman in her 30s came to the outpatient clinic complaining of severe bilateral breast pain with many nodules and the possibility of cancer, requesting removal of both breasts. After examination, the woman was relatively thin and her breasts were of the smaller type. Nodular glands in the breast could be palpated and there were no lumps. The ultrasound examination also only suggested breast enlargement. Therefore, I advise the patient not to worry and to treat the pain in the breast with medication. One to two breast exams per year would be sufficient. However, the patient had a feeling of panic, as if she would definitely become breast cancer if she did not have her breast removed. I talked with the patient for a long time and the patient went home with a sad mood. A few months later, the patient came back to the clinic and told me that she had had both breasts removed at a medical facility and showed me two diagonal scars that had been added to her already thin chest wall. As a doctor, I felt sad for her. What surprised me even more was that she said she felt that she still had the possibility of cancer with the bilateral armpits with side breasts and requested that both side breasts be removed. I explained to her repeatedly and of course did not agree to operate on her. This is a real example. In fact, there are indeed many women in daily outpatient clinics who have different degrees of suspicion that they have breast cancer or are worried about having cancer and visit the hospital. In the daily breast clinic, women can be divided into three categories: the first category is women who found breast pain or lumps by themselves or found breast lumps during physical examinations organized by their units; the second category is women who have symptoms of breast pain and some have been diagnosed with breast enlargement and treated with medication but still feel no significant improvement; the third category is women who feel that there are more breast tumors and although they do not feel they have breast tumors, they still want to ask for surgery. As a breast doctor, we can help the first group of women to confirm their diagnosis and perform appropriate surgery and related adjuvant treatment. This group of women are those who do have breast disease. These patients have inflammatory breast disease, benign tumors or malignant tumors. The second group of women are mostly young or middle-aged women who have the dual pressure of work and family life, as well as irregularities in their lives, and often have breast pain present. Some of them have used a variety of drugs with unsatisfactory results. Gradually, the psychological burden increases and they always worry that their breast enlargement cannot be cured, and the possibility of getting breast cancer is increasing in the long run. Some people even suffer from insomnia, depression and fear. Some of these people do suffer from mastocytosis and need treatment. A small number of people are also found to have breast tumors after examination. However, there are also some who have misconceptions about mastocytosis due to a lack of appropriate general health knowledge, which in turn leads to certain psychological problems that require proper guidance and appropriate treatment. For the third group of women, the main purpose of medical examination is to be able to confirm the presence of tumor diseases in the breast. In addition to the doctor’s examination and palpation of the breast, a breast imaging examination should be selected. This is because there are indeed individuals who have discovered early tumors of the breast through the examination. A brief introduction to breast hyperplasia, according to the professional term should be called cystic hyperplasia of the breast, also called chronic cystic breast disease, or mastopathy for short. This disease is a benign hyperplasia of the breast parenchyma that can occur around the ducts of the breast and can be accompanied by cyst formation of varying sizes, or within dilated milk ducts with varying degrees of papillary hyperplasia, or in the lobules of the breast with hyperplasia of the alveolar epithelium and milk ducts. Nodules of varying sizes can often be palpated on the surface of the breast. Sometimes they are not easily distinguished from tumors of the breast, so it is necessary to see a medical professional for examination and appropriate imaging tests. Breast disease is often associated with breast pain, but not all breast pain is a disease. In addition to a portion of breast pain related to unsuitable bra wearing, most middle-aged women have breast pain as a manifestation of the chronic aging phenomenon of the breast. This is because along with changes in ovarian function, both the breasts and the uterus undergo corresponding changes in estrogen and progesterone levels. Estrogen is produced during follicular development, and in the presence of estrogen, the mammary glands develop and become larger, the endometrium thickens, and when the egg dies estrogen declines, the mammary glands shrink, the endometrium is shed, and menstruation begins. During a woman’s reproductive years, this change changes in a cyclical fashion. Each change adds a little change to the breast, and in the long run, local nodules and local expansion of the ducts may appear in the gland, producing some breast swelling and pain accordingly. In women of childbearing age, breast swelling and pain in the days before menstruation and pain relief when menstruation comes is a phenomenon called breast pain, which usually does not require treatment. In the case of breast pain for a long time can be treated with some medication. It is important to point out that at present, the drugs used to treat breast enlargement in China are mainly proprietary Chinese medicines, the purpose of which is to relieve the symptoms of breast pain, but not to eliminate the solid tumors that already exist, and there is no definite evidence to prove that it can prevent the occurrence of breast cancer. If you have breast pain, first check if your bra is too tight? Is there physical work causing soreness in the breast muscles? Are you having trouble sleeping? Are you using cosmetics, foods or medications that contain estrogen? For middle-aged and older women who have frequent pain in the left side of the breast, you should also consider whether you have heart problems. However, you do not have to worry about breast cancer. According to epidemiological survey, the incidence of breast cancer in China is about 20-60 per 100,000 people per year, and there are regional differences in the incidence rate. Self-examination and professional medical examination of breast are recommended. Self-examination should be done after menstruation every month. When standing in a standing position, face the mirror and observe whether the breast is symmetrical, whether the nipple is off to one side or retracted compared with before, whether the skin has become thickened, sunken or raised locally. Lie flat in bed and touch the opposite breast and armpit fully with the 2nd to 4th finger and seek medical attention if you feel a lump. Self-examination is suitable for all adult women. Professional physical examination is more likely to detect early breast cancer. It is recommended that young women should have a professional checkup every 1-2 years and middle-aged women should have one every year. In addition to the doctor’s examination, it is recommended that color ultrasound is preferred for women younger than 40 years old, and mammography (usually said to be mammography, but due to technological advances, mammography is now not just mammography) is preferred for women over 40 years old. Imaging can often detect masses that cannot be touched by hand. With medical advances, breast tumors are detected much earlier. Even though the incidence of breast cancer is increasing, the death rate is on the decline. It is hoped that women with breast disease do not have to worry too much because breast cancer is related to many factors such as genetics and environment, and it is not inevitable that breast enlargement will lead to cancer. It is also hoped that the cases introduced at the beginning of this article will not happen again.