High-risk factors of cancer, what should be paid attention to from the usual prevention

1. High risk factors for breast cancer: family history of breast cancer, specific genetic BRCA1/2 mutation, history of breast cancer on one side, high risk of breast cancer on the opposite side, previous history of radiation therapy to the chest wall, exposure to high estrogen environment (young age of menarche, late age of menopause, never married or childless, age of first full-term delivery > 30 years, etc.), never breastfeeding or short breastfeeding time (total breastfeeding time is negatively correlated with breast cancer risk), excessive intake of exogenous estrogen (use of estrogen replacement therapy during menopause or use of estrogen for so-called cosmetic purposes), high fat and high energy diet, obesity and overweight, and high risk of breast cancer. The risk of breast cancer is negatively correlated with the total duration of breastfeeding), excessive intake of exogenous estrogen (estrogen replacement therapy during menopause or estrogen for so-called beauty), high-fat and high-energy diet, obesity and overweight, and severe cystic hyperplasia of the breast. 2. High risk factors of esophageal cancer: people over 40 years old in areas with high incidence of esophageal cancer, poor dietary habits (excessive intake of pickled products, preference for hot food, hot tea, high salt diet, rough food, fast eating), smoking, alcohol consumption, nutritional deficiency or insufficiency (vitamin and trace element deficiency, molybdenum deficiency, zinc deficiency, etc.), family history (there is a family gathering phenomenon of esophageal cancer, which may be genetic susceptibility, or family members may be long time exposure to the same environmental carcinogenic factors), precancerous lesions of esophagus (chronic inflammation of esophagus, esophageal reflux disease, esophageal cardia achalasia, esophageal scar stenosis, esophageal leukoplakia, etc.). 3. High risk factors of gastric cancer: poor dietary habits (irregular diet, too fast and too full diet, overeating, etc.), unclean diet, preference for smoked and fried foods, long-term high-salt diet and salted and smoked foods (such as pickled fish and pickled vegetables), frequent consumption of overnight or spoiled moldy foods, preference for red meat, low intake of fresh vegetables and fruits, nutritional imbalance or deficiency, smoking and alcoholism, family history of gastric cancer, chronic atrophic gastritis, chronic gastric ulcer, etc. gastritis, chronic gastric ulcer, gastric polyp or stomach surgery, H. pylori infection. 4.High risk factors for liver cancer: age above 40 years old (women can be over 45 years old), smoking, long-term alcohol consumption, hepatitis B virus carriers, history of chronic viral infection (hepatitis B or C), cirrhosis, micronutrient deficiency (low selenium, molybdenum, manganese, zinc and high iron, nickel, arsenic), drinking water pollution. 5, colorectal cancer (colorectal cancer) risk factors: high animal protein, high fat and low fiber diet, constipation, sedentary physical activity, obesity, smoking, long-term alcohol consumption, micronutrient deficiency (molybdenum, calcium, selenium), chronic ulcerative colitis, familial colonic polyposis, colonic adenoma syndrome. 6. Risk factors for pancreatic cancer: middle-aged or above, long-term smoking, alcoholism, high-fat, high-protein, high-calorie diet, chronic pancreatitis. 7. Risk factors for lung cancer: smoking (especially those who start smoking under 20 years old, those who have been smoking for more than 20 years, and those who smoke more than 20 cigarettes a day), second-hand smoke, occupational exposure to asbestos, arsenic, uranium, nickel, chromium, etc., air pollution from interior decoration materials, long-term exposure to kitchen fumes, and serious environmental pollution in the place of living. 8.Ovarian cancer risk factors: early age of menarche, delayed age of menopause, infertility or low number of pregnancies, long-term use of ovulation-promoting drugs, exogenous estrogen intake (long-term use of estrogen replacement therapy after menopause), high-fat diet, obesity and overweight, family history of ovarian cancer, hereditary ovarian cancer syndrome. 9.High-risk factors for cervical cancer: early first sex, disordered sexual behavior, too many sexual partners, promiscuous sex, early marriage, early age of first birth, multiple births, extramarital sex by husband, penile cancer by husband, penile circumcision by husband or sexual partner, chronic inflammation of the cervix and vagina, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection of the cervix, and smoking. 10.High risk factors for endometrial cancer: infertility or infertility, early menarche or delayed menopause, exogenous estrogen intake (long-term estrogen replacement therapy after menopause), long-term use of triamcinolone acetonide (postoperative adjuvant therapy for breast cancer), overweight, obesity, high-protein, high-fat, high-sugar diet, history of pelvic radiation, family history of ovarian cancer, history of endometrial hyperplasia, history of polycystic ovary syndrome. 11.Risk factors of bladder cancer: long-term exposure to dyes, rubber and plastic products, paints, leather, detergents, pesticides, etc., long-term smoking, chronic urinary tract infection, chronic cystitis, long-term residual urine and foreign body stimulation (indwelling catheter, bladder stones), habit of holding urine, long-term urethral obstruction, history of pelvic radiotherapy, long-term excessive coffee consumption, long-term use of hair dye. 12.Risk factors of kidney cancer: middle-aged or above, smoking, alcoholism, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, high intake of dairy products, low intake of vegetables and fruits in the diet, insufficient intake of vitamin A, long-term exposure to cadmium and coke in the occupation, family history of kidney cancer. 13. High risk factors for prostate cancer: older men over 50, especially over 70, early marriage, too frequent sex life in early life, sudden reduction of sex life in old age or stopping sex life too long and too early, excessive intake of meat, especially red meat, and less intake of fresh vegetables and fruits, fondness for food cooked with coffee, ginger, pepper and other seasonings, fondness for salt, hypertrophy of prostate gland.