(1) With or without symptoms, severe aortic stenosis requires surgery as soon as possible, otherwise distant left heart insufficiency and sudden death may occur; (2) Moderate aortic stenosis with clinical symptoms (such as chest pain, dizziness, darkness, chest tightness, palpitations, etc.), or examination reveals impaired left ventricular function (such as reduced ejection fraction, marked left ventricular hypertrophy, left ventricular dilatation, significantly elevated left ventricular diastolic pressure at rest, etc.); or transvalvular pressure difference greater than 50 mmHg. Surgery is recommended in these cases. (3) Moderate aortic stenosis with mitral valve surgery or moderate aortic valve insufficiency requires surgery with or without symptoms; (4) Mild to moderate aortic stenosis (transvalvular pressure difference >20 mmHg) with coronary artery bypass grafting requires surgery with or without symptoms.