Spinal cavernous disease is a chronic progressive disease of the spinal cord that is caused by the enlargement of the central canal in the spinal cord containing more than normal amounts of fluid due to various causes. It may present with symptoms of nerve damage. It is sometimes accompanied by scoliosis. The most common cause of neurosurgery at the Nanjing Military General Hospital, Cheng Huilin, is the herniation of a structure called the tonsil in the lower part of the cerebellum from the cranial cavity down into the cervical spinal canal, resulting in abnormal cerebrospinal fluid circulation in the spinal cavity and cerebrospinal fluid entering the central canal through unexplained means. Figure 1: Demonstration of spinal cord cavitation and Chiari’s malformation Submural herniation of the cerebellar tonsils is a developmental malformation first described by a foreign pathologist, Hans Chiari (1851-1916), hence the name Chiari’s malformation. People with clinical manifestations such as shoulder pain, back pain, numbness in the hands and feet, and abnormal sensation of temperature or touch in the limbs need treatment. The most effective treatment is surgery. The main surgical treatment is the reconstruction of the posterior cranial fossa with enlargement. The procedure can be performed in various ways, from removing only the occipital bone and/or the posterior part of the first cervical vertebrae outside the meninges, to repairing the dura with an artificial dural expansion, or removing the cerebellar tonsils of the lower herniation. Here is one of the cases we treated, in which the occipital bone and the posterior part of the first cervical vertebra were resected, the dura was enlarged and repaired, and the cerebellar tonsils were resected for subhypothalamic herniation. The surgery was performed under a microscope, the incision was improved to 4 cm, and minimally invasive (minimally invasive) surgery was the hallmark of this case. Figure 2: shows a submicrocephalic tonsillar herniation deformity and spinal cord hollowing requiring surgical treatment Figure 3: shows the surgical incision, postoperatively Figure 4: another patient with spinal cord hollowing shown on the left and the same patient with significant improvement of spinal cord hollowing after surgery shown on the right.