1, master the dose, time and method of drug administration Chemotherapy needs to be given accurately within a certain time limit, strictly control the speed of infusion, and correctly master the time and dose of intravenous injection. 2, venous protection Choose thicker and straighter blood vessels and use intravenous needle for infusion, and try to use central venous catheter for infusion and drug delivery if possible. Observe whether the infusion is smooth, whether the drip rate is accurate, whether there is local redness, swelling and pain, prevent extravasation of chemotherapy drugs, and flush the tube with saline before and after chemotherapy. Strictly prevent the leakage of drugs, once the extravasation, immediately give saline 10 ml to flush the tube and then pull out the needle, change the injection site, local use 50% magnesium sulfate wet compresses. Hot compresses are strictly prohibited, because hot compresses can increase the activity of intracellular lysosomal enzymes, cell autolysis aggravate the damage of local tissues, affecting wound healing. 3, hydration and alkalinization of urine, protection of liver and kidney function During chemotherapy, patients are encouraged to drink more water, and a large number of fluids, at the same time, increase the urine volume, so that the urine volume is maintained at 3000 ml/24 h or more, in order to dilute the urine to prevent the precipitation of high uric acid precipitation of renal calculi. 4, condition observation The process of drug administration should closely observe the patient’s condition, monitor vital signs; strengthen the patrol, pay attention to the speed of rehydration; observe the toxic side effects of chemotherapy, such as mucositis, myelosuppression, etc.; observe the skin condition of the infusion site, to prevent extravasation, to ensure that the treatment is carried out smoothly. Gastrointestinal reactions are the most common and mostly transient. During chemotherapy, due to the toxic side effects of drugs, patients often experience nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, diarrhea and so on. In order to reduce gastrointestinal reactions, 8 mg of Obey + 10 mg of dexamethasone were injected before chemotherapy, and at the same time, proton pump inhibitors such as Losec were routinely applied, and aluminum thioglycollate was used to protect the gastric mucosa. 5, oral mucosa care Maintain oral hygiene, effective oral care is very important to prevent oral infection. Patiently explain the importance of oral care to the patient before chemotherapy to obtain the patient’s cooperation. Before and after eating, in the morning, before going to bed, gargle with saline and Doppel liquid every day. Closely observe the oral mucosa for erythema, congestion, pain, ulceration and bleeding, and keep the oral cavity clean. 6.Prevention and care of bleeding After chemotherapy, due to the reduction of platelets, there are often bleeding symptoms, therefore, pay attention to observe whether there are fresh bleeding spots, nosebleeds and so on. Observe whether there is any abnormality in the color of urine and feces, and pay attention to whether there is excessive menstruation and non-menstrual vaginal bleeding for female patients. Pay attention to the presence of severe headache, vomiting with blurred visual papillae and other signs of increased intracranial pressure. Patients with severe bleeding tendency should be forbidden to shave and pick their noses with their hands. Try not to brush teeth or use a soft-bristled toothbrush during the period of platelet lowering to prevent bleeding. Avoid intramuscular injection as much as possible, if unavoidable, must use dry cotton ball to press the needle eye for 3~5 min. when platelets are lower than 20×10?9/L or bleeding symptoms, should follow the doctor’s advice to transfuse platelets. 7, prevention and treatment of infection and nursing leukemia patients often have different degrees of fever during the course of the disease, mainly related to infection. Patients after large doses of chemotherapy, long-term application of antibiotics and a large number of hormones can lead to the reduction of mature granulocytes in the blood, non-specific immune function is low, easy to infection. Therefore, the air in the room should be routinely sterilized during chemotherapy to maintain a clean, low-bacteria, ventilated environment in the sick room. Strict implementation of aseptic technology operation routine, minimize invasive operation, avoid cross infection. Strict implementation of the visitation system, in the myelosuppression period patients are prohibited from visiting, all infections, especially upper respiratory tract infection of the regulars are prohibited to enter the ward, to avoid the occurrence of intra-hospital cross-infection. 8, dietary care During chemotherapy, eat high protein, high calorie, rich in vitamins and nutrients, light, easy to digest food, avoid spicy, acid and other stimulating food to the oral mucosa; avoid coarse and hard food intake; avoid eating food that is easy to damage the oral mucosa, such as fish, shrimp and so on. Intravenous nutritional support therapy should be strengthened at the same time.