Malignant tumors are common, multi-morbid and difficult diseases that seriously endanger human life and health. At present, the treatment of malignant tumors is based on surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, intervention, immunotherapy and Chinese medicine. Since psychological factors are closely related to the occurrence, development and prognosis of malignant tumors, therefore, while carrying out comprehensive treatment for malignant tumors, psychological treatment and rehabilitation are integrated into the whole process of treatment, which can effectively improve the clinical cure rate and survival rate, and improve the quality of life of patients. Once malignant tumor is diagnosed, patients often think that “cancer is incurable” and lose the hope that they can be cured and live, so they are in disappointment, frustration and depression all day long, and become depressed, anxious, angry, desperate or even suicidal. The psychological characteristics of cancer patients include: 1. sadness, anxiety and fear worry about the risk and prognosis of surgery; worry about the pain and toxic side effects of radiotherapy; worry about the sudden increase of the economic burden of self-pay patients and the uncertainty of the efficacy of interventional, immunological and traditional Chinese medicine treatments; worry about the prognosis of patients in critical condition and so on, which can make patients feel sad, anxious and fearful. The emotional reaction of sadness, anxiety and fear. After the diagnosis of malignant tumor patients, their family members generally have guilt and self-blame, which makes the patient dependent and enhances the “patient role”. Patients with malignant tumors are more sensitive to interpersonal relationship, and some expressions, actions and words of medical personnel may have suggestive meanings to patients, who may think that they are hiding their illness, or even suspect that doctors are wrong in diagnosis or nurses are not taking proper care of them. When some of their own requirements can not be met, often because of a small matter and can be furious, manifested as excessive self-esteem, irritable. 3. Defective psychology and sense of despair The loss of physical or functional integrity due to surgery and chemotherapy can bring patients psychological defects that are difficult to heal. For example, the appearance of breast cancer after surgery, the loss of speech ability after oral cancer surgery, the disfigurement of maxillofacial malignant tumor after surgery, the loss of fertility function after hysterectomy for infertile women, the loss of sexual function after prostate cancer and testicular cancer resection, and even the temporary loss of hair after chemotherapy, and so on. Most of these patients have low self-esteem, loneliness, autism, avoidance, and a strong sense of internal depression and despair. Psychological treatment for hormonal tumor patients is exceptionally important. It is common for tumor patients to have psychological problems, more than 90% of them have more or less psychological anxiety, and some of them are more extreme. For example, some patients may have sleep disorder due to anxiety, and more serious cases may lead to increase of blood pressure and aggravation of disease. Therefore, the psychological treatment for oncology patients is exceptionally important: 1. While providing patients with efficacious treatment, doctors should carefully appreciate patients’ psychology and pay attention to minimize their negative emotions. In a firm tone, inform patients of the positive role of reasonable emotions and correct perception of cancer in treatment, thus helping patients to build up confidence. 2. Family members should play the role of communication bridge in the process of patients’ psychological as well as drug treatment. Reflect the patient’s usual situation and state of mind to the doctor in time. If patients are found to have symptoms of sleeplessness for 3 days or even 2 weeks or more without serious side effects of tumor treatment, and accompanied by negative emotions, they must seek medical treatment in time. 3.The “positive reinforcement method” is used for malignant tumor patients, that is, to reward and praise patients for their appropriate behaviors in the process of medical treatment in time, so as to adjust their mentality and enhance their compliance with medical prescriptions and facilitate comprehensive recovery. 4.Change the bad eating habits and smoking and drinking habits of tumor patients, encourage them to participate in recreational activities and physical exercise by using their specialties, and stay away from the working and living environment with radiation and chemical carcinogens. 5.Practice “breathing relaxation method” to reduce physical and mental stress and tension, so that they can experience relaxation, comfort, tranquility and happy mood again and achieve the purpose of psychological recovery. 6.For patients with advanced disease, we can also discuss the quality of life with them appropriately. Those patients who have been sublimated through extreme pain will realize that the quality of life is more precious than the quantity of life after rational thinking, so that they can arrange the relevant matters calmly and deepen their consciousness of maintaining the quality of life. 7. For those who are diagnosed with depression and anxiety among malignant tumor patients, they should be promptly referred to psychiatrists for standardized use of antidepressant and anti-anxiety drugs to help reduce and eliminate symptoms.