1.Niclosamide (kolamine) – respiratory center excitatory drugs. Over the carotid sinus and aortic body chemoreceptors reflexly excite the respiratory center, also has the effect of excitation of the medullary respiratory center. Used for central expiratory failure, secondary respiratory depression and circulatory failure. /Overdose can cause increased blood pressure, palpitations, tremors, convulsions, and hyperthermia. 2.Santaline (Lobeline) – respiratory stimulant. Can stimulate the carotid sinus and aortic body chemoreceptors, reflexively excite the respiratory center, so that the respiratory deepening accelerated. (Short maintenance time). Used for neonatal asphyxia, carbon monoxide-induced asphyxia, and respiratory failure due to pneumonia, etc. /Excessive amount can cause sweating, tachycardia, conduction block, respiratory depression, blood pressure drop, spasm and coma. 3.Epinephrine hydrochloride – adrenergic receptor agonist. Excites α and β receptors, enhances myocardial contractility, accelerates heart rate, constricts blood vessels, and relaxes smooth muscle of gastrointestinal tract and bronchus. Used for cardiac resuscitation, anaphylaxis, bronchospasm, etc. /Adverse reactions include increased heart rate, arrhythmia and even ventricular fibrillation, excessive dose or too fast sedation can cause sudden rise in blood pressure. 4, isoprenaline (gasp) – adrenaline-like drugs. Excite the heart, improve cardiac conduction, increase the amount of return blood, dilate the internal blood vessels, dilate the bronchial smooth muscle. Used for slow arrhythmias, toxic shock and bronchial asthma. /overdose can cause arrhythmia. 5.Lidocaine – Class 1b antiarrhythmic, local anesthetic. Mainly acts on ventricular muscle, can reduce myocardial excitability, slow down conduction velocity and increase ventricular fibrillation threshold. Used for acute ventricular arrhythmias including ventricular fibrillation due to acute heart attack, digitalis poisoning, etc. /Excessive doses may cause convulsions and cardiac arrest. Severe atrioventricular block is prohibited. 6, cardioplegia – 1c class antiarrhythmic drugs. It has membrane stabilization, mild beta receptor blocking effect and calcium channel blocking effect; increase coronary blood flow and mild to moderate inhibition of myocardial contractility effect. It is used for premature ventricular, paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia and pre-excitation syndrome. /It is prohibited in congestive heart failure, conduction block, bradycardia, cardiogenic shock, electrolyte disorders, and sinus disease. 7. Isoptin – antiarrhythmic drug, calcium channel blocking drug. Inhibits intracellular flow, slows heart rate and atrioventricular conduction, weakens myocardial contractility, reduces myocardial oxygen consumption, and lowers peripheral circulatory resistance. Used for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, premature atrial or junctional beats, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, angina pectoris, hypertension, etc. /Ventricular arrhythmias, heart failure, hypotension, conduction block, sinus cardiogenic shock are prohibited. 8, West Dilantin (hairy flower cardiac prophylaxis) – digitalis class cardiac drugs. Positive inotropy, slowing heart rate, diuretic, etc. Used for acute and chronic heart failure, atrial fibrillation and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. In overdose can have bradycardia, atrioventricular block, arrhythmia, yellow vision, etc. 9, dopamine – anti-shock vasoactive drugs. For the synthesis of adrenaline precursors in vivo, with β receptor agonism, but also has some α receptor agonism. Can enhance myocardial contractility, increase cardiac blood volume, accelerate the heart rate effect; contraction of peripheral blood vessels, dilation of visceral vessels, diuretic effect. Used in the treatment of various kinds of shock. /high dose can make respiratory acceleration, heart rate arrhythmia; should be supplemented with blood volume and correct acidosis before use. 10.Dobutamine (trade name — Dobutamine Push!) –Selective cardiac beta1 agonist. Can enhance myocardial contractility and increase cardiac blood output, with less effect on heart rate. Used for cardiogenic shock caused by acute infarction, pulmonary infarction and postoperative hypovolemic syndrome, chronic congestive heart failure. Synergistic effect in combination with sodium nitroprusside. /It is contraindicated in patients with hypertension, atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus, tendency to vasospasm, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy. Its rescue effect called dobutamine lasting and stable, once used in the rescue of a patient who took antihypertensive drugs to suicide! 11, m-hydroxylamine (Alamine) – adrenaline-like drugs. To excite mainly α receptors, the role of β1 receptors is weak, can slowly and persistently constrict blood vessels and moderate enhancement of myocardial contractility. Used for various kinds of shock and hypotension during surgery, infarction shock, etc. /It can cause cardiac arrhythmia, dramatic rise in blood pressure, acute pulmonary edema and cardiac arrest, etc. The drug leaks out of blood vessels and produces local necrosis. Hypertension, arteriosclerosis, organic heart disease, hyperthyroidism and diabetes patients are prohibited. 12, sodium nitroprusside – strong, fast-acting vasodilator. Directly dilates small arteries and veins and reduces peripheral vascular resistance. Used in hypertensive emergencies and acute heart failure. /can cause treacherous hypotension; for heart failure, start with small doses, gradually increase the dose and gradually decrease the dose when stopping; to be temporarily prepared and used up within 12 hours; avoid light. 13, nitroglycerin – direct vasodilator. Dilate the veins and small arteries, reduce the amount of returning heart blood, reduce the before and after load of the heart, reduce myocardial oxygen consumption and improve coronary blood supply. Used for congestive heart failure and hypertension; also used to treat pulmonary edema, extremity venous spasm and prevent angina pectoris. /can cause upright hypotension. Forbidden for cerebral hemorrhage, cranial trauma, glaucoma, and allergy. 14.Liquidine (phentolamine) – alpha-blocker. Directly dilates small arteries and capillaries, significantly reduces peripheral vascular resistance and cardiac afterload. Used to prevent and treat hypertension and hypertensive crisis due to pheochromocytoma; refractory heart failure; cardiogenic and toxic shock, severe pneumonia; local infiltration injection to prevent the occurrence of local tissue necrosis due to norepinephrine spillover, peripheral vasospastic disease and thrombo-occlusive vasculitis, etc. / common upright hypotension, tachycardia, angina pectoris, etc. Patients with renal insufficiency, gastritis, peptic ulcer are prohibited. 15. Atropine – M choline receptor antagonist. It can release the spasm of gastrointestinal and bronchial smooth muscle, inhibit glandular secretion, dilate the pupil and raise the intraocular pressure. Larger doses can release the inhibition of the heart by the vagus nerve and make the heart rate faster. It can release vascular spasm, improve microcirculation and play an anti-shock effect, and excite the respiratory center. Used for visceral colic, premature beats, infectious shock, acute microcirculatory disorders, severe bradycardia, organophosphorus pesticide poisoning, suppression of glandular secretion during anesthesia, A – S syndrome, etc. /Overdose may cause slurred speech, respiratory distress, rapid heartbeat, etc. Glaucoma is prohibited. 16.654-2 (scopolamine) – M choline receptor antagonist. The effect is similar to that of atropine, with stronger antispasmodic effect and weaker inhibition of glandular secretion. Used for gastroduodenal ulcers, also for gastritis, pancreatitis, biliary spasm and bile excretion disorders, hyperhidrosis and enuresis. /pre-operative and glaucoma patients should not be used. 17.Aminophylline – asthma medicine. Directly dilate the bronchi, excite the respiratory center, enhance myocardial contraction, increase renal blood flow and diuretic effects. Used for bronchial croup, often used in combination with adrenocorticosteroids. Also used for cardiogenic asthma and asthma with hypertension. /If the dose is too fast and too large, it may cause dizziness, palpitations, arrhythmia, blood pressure drop, convulsions and shock. Use with caution in patients with cardiac arrhythmia, severe heart disease, acute myocardial damage, congestive heart failure, hypertension, hyperthyroidism, active peptic ulcer, etc. 18.Tachyphylaxis (furosemide)–potent diuretic. Can make a lot of Na+, Cl-, K+, Ca+, Mg+ and water out of the body. Used in congestive heart failure, cirrhosis ascites, renal failure and other edematous diseases, combined with other drugs for acute pulmonary edema and acute cerebral edema, etc. Also used for hypertension, hyperkalemia, acute drug poisoning and prevention of acute renal failure. /It can cause hypotension, dehydration, hypokalemia, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypercalcemia, hyperuricemia, gastrointestinal disorders, gastrointestinal bleeding, metabolic reactions and elevated blood glucose. Large amounts of sedation can cause temporary deafness and can aggravate idiopathic edema. Hypokalemia, patients with hepatic encephalopathy, and patients with high doses of digitalis are prohibited. 19.Dexamethasone (flumethasone) – adrenocorticosteroid. Anti-inflammatory, anti-toxic, anti-allergic, strong inhibitory effect on pituitary-adrenal cortex. Mainly used for allergic and inflammatory diseases; also used for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, lowering intracranial pressure, etc. /Used with caution for diabetes, Cushing’s syndrome, psychosis, peptic ulcer, active tuberculosis, etc. 20, Valium (diazepam) – benzodiazepine central nervous system inhibitors. Has a sedative, hypnotic, muscle relaxation, anticonvulsant effect. Used for insomnia, persistent epilepsy or pediatric hyperthermia, tetanus and atropine and other drug poisoning-induced convulsions. / Commonly used for drowsiness, sedation, ataxia, etc. /glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, phobias or obsessive-compulsive disorder patients are prohibited. 21, posterior pituitary hormone – with hemostatic and anti-diuretic effect. Used for vomiting blood, hemoptysis, ruptured esophagogastric variceal bleeding, postpartum bleeding. Contains oxytocin, small dose can enhance the rhythmic contraction of the uterus, large dose can cause tonic contraction, so that the compression of the blood vessels in the myometrium and hemostatic effect. / hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart failure, pulmonary heart disease is prohibited. 22. Naloxone – opioid receptor antagonist. Can regulate the release of catecholamines and prostaglandins, release small arteries spasm, thus improving cerebral circulation and restoring brain cell function. It is used to relieve morphine-like analgesic overdose or poisoning, alcoholism, respiratory depression and cerebral resuscitation. It is prohibited for patients with /cardiac dysfunction and hypertension.