Thyroglossal cysts are the most common congenital disorder of the pediatric neck and are most often detected before the age of 7 years, with a few diagnosed in middle age due to the absence of infection or slow enlargement. There is no major difference in its onset by gender. Thyroglossal cysts are caused by incomplete degeneration of the thyroglossal duct or epithelium. In the fourth week of embryonic life, the base of the thyroid gland migrates from the anterior pharynx to the neck and then gradually descends to form the thyroglossal duct, which gradually atrophies and disappears during the 8-10 weeks of embryonic life, leaving only a small concavity at the beginning, the blind lingual foramen, and the thyroid gland at the distal end. If the thyroglossal duct does not disappear, the residual epithelial secretions accumulate and a cyst may form. Treatment of thyroglossal duct cysts is based on surgical excision. The cyst, the middle 1/3 of the hyoid bone and the tissue between the posterior hyoid bone and the blind foramen of the tongue are removed together during surgery to minimize recurrence. within 1 year of age, no infection or smaller cysts can be temporarily excluded from surgery. If there is inflammation, the infection should be fought and surgery should be performed 2-3 weeks after the inflammation has subsided.