There are many causes of bad breath and the cause needs to be identified for targeted treatment. Therefore the treatment measures taken by doctors will vary and it is impossible to say exactly which treatment is best.
For oral diseases, specialist dental treatment should be administered; for nasopharyngeal diseases, the appropriate treatment is chosen depending on the disease; for patients with gastrointestinal diseases with H. pylori infection, sterilisation treatment with medication is available; if the patient has endocrine or other systemic diseases, these underlying diseases should be treated; for patients with psychological disorders who are self-conscious of bad breath, psychological counselling or relevant medication is recommended.