Chemotherapy is a kind of treatment that uses chemical drugs to kill tumor cells, inhibit the growth and reproduction of tumor cells and promote the differentiation of tumor cells. 1. Chemotherapy classification: ① Radical chemotherapy: characterized by sufficient amount and duration of combined chemotherapy to achieve the ultimate goal of long-term survival or cure. It is mainly used for small cell lung cancer, malignant lymphoma, reproductive system tumors, etc. ② Palliative chemotherapy: characterized by delaying the development of lesions, reducing patients’ symptoms, improving survival quality and prolonging survival time. It is mainly used for advanced malignant tumors. ③ Neoadjuvant chemotherapy: i.e. preoperative chemotherapy, which reduces the tumor load and transforms it into an operable lesion through chemotherapy, at the same time. ④ Adjuvant chemotherapy: postoperative application to eliminate possible micro-metastases, improve the cure rate of surgical treatment and increase the tumor-free survival time. ⑤ Local chemotherapy: direct injection of chemotherapeutic drugs via hepatic artery, bronchial artery or blood supply vessels of the tumor foci under image-mediated treatment to create a high concentration of intra-tumor drugs for the purpose of improving the efficacy. Currently, TACE for hepatocellular carcinoma is the most effective one. Chemotherapy should be carried out in professional oncology chemotherapy department: Chemotherapy is a double-edged sword, if not mastered properly, it will bring risks and dangers to patients, therefore, chemotherapy must be carried out in a standardized way, and reasonable chemotherapy plan should be formulated by specialists and carried out in qualified professional oncology chemotherapy department. The reasons are as follows: 1) What kind of patients need to apply chemotherapy, when to start applying chemotherapy, and whether they can tolerate chemotherapy should be decided by qualified professional oncology chemotherapy physicians after a series of baseline evaluation and exclusion of contraindications to chemotherapy, rather than saying that chemotherapy should be applied immediately as soon as the tumor is diagnosed. (2) Not all tumor patients need chemotherapy, and not all tumor patients use the same chemotherapy drugs. Professional oncologists are using the world’s most recognized standards for staging, scoring and selecting drugs for tumor patients, which are updated in real time. The most recognized worldwide is the NCCN guidelines, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. It publishes annual clinical practice guidelines for various malignancies, which are recognized and followed by clinicians worldwide. It is based on the results of data analysis of large clinical trials, which in turn recommends individualized drug use for patients with different types, stages and subtypes of tumors. Oncology chemotherapists will learn from the latest trial data to guide the clinical treatment, so that the level of diagnosis and treatment of oncology patients is in line with the world. (3) The best efficacy can only be achieved by applying standardized chemotherapy. To achieve standardized chemotherapy includes many aspects such as standard chemotherapy interval, standard chemotherapy dose and standard course of treatment. First of all, such as chemotherapy interval: the interval of various chemotherapy regimens varies from 1 week to 4 weeks, to ensure that the standard chemotherapy interval should adhere to the completion of each cycle of chemotherapy according to its fixed time interval, should not be shortened and extended for no reason, thus affecting the efficacy. The dose of chemotherapy should be precisely calculated according to the patient’s body surface area, combined with the patient’s physical condition score and laboratory test results, and should be operated by a qualified chemotherapy specialist to achieve an effective treatment dose intensity to benefit the patient. ③Alternatively, such as the number of courses of treatment: the number of courses of chemotherapy for patients should be determined by the patient’s chemotherapy category (adjuvant, neoadjuvant, palliative, etc.), treatment guideline recommendation, efficacy evaluation and physical condition in a comprehensive manner, rather than by individual physicians and patients. ④ Rational selection of chemotherapeutic drugs: chemotherapeutic drugs are not an irregular superposition of drugs, and any regimen is selected after clinical trials are effective and recommended by relevant guidelines. The application of new chemotherapeutic drugs improves the efficacy, and their rational application also brings hope to the treatment of patients; ⑤ Rational selection of adjuvant drugs: In the past, people were afraid of talking about chemotherapy, and some of them thought that “the side effects are great and poorly tolerated, so it is better to use them than not to use them”. With the deepening of research, the continuous upgrading of adjuvant drugs such as antiemetic, and the accumulation of clinical experience in drug use, the incidence of side effects of chemotherapy in actual clinical work has been greatly reduced compared with before, so patients and their families can be assured of treatment in chemotherapy specialized departments. (4) The concept about the whole management of oncology patients: With the increasing research in oncology, the theoretical idea of the whole management of oncology patients has been mentioned more and more. It aims to formulate the next series of treatment steps and protocols for the patient at the first diagnosis of the tumor, and to plan and arrange the whole picture. Specifically, when to receive adjuvant chemotherapy, first-line chemotherapy, maintenance chemotherapy, second-line chemotherapy, etc. and how to choose chemotherapy regimens so that patients do not worry about what to do next. This needs to be done by qualified oncology chemotherapists, and non-professional treatment according to old experience and preaching has been eliminated. Therefore, the idea that “chemotherapy is simple and it is the same in any department” is undesirable and needs to be discarded. Only under the guidance of tumor chemotherapy specialist and following the above standard treatment principles can tumor patients receive scientific, reasonable and individualized standardized chemotherapy, thus achieving the purpose of reducing pain, achieving human tumor coexistence and prolonging survival time.