An acute and severe increase in blood pressure accompanied by acute or progressive end-organ damage is called a hypertensive emergency. Hypertensive emergencies are one of the most acute and critical cardiovascular diseases and are likely to result in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents if timely corrective treatment is not provided. Hypertensive emergencies occur when the blood pressure rises sharply, often above 180/120 mmHg, and may lead to hypertensive encephalopathy, cerebral hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, aortic coarctation, unstable angina, or acute myocardial infarction. Hypertensive emergencies are diagnosed when diastolic blood pressure is greater than 140 to 150 mmHg and/or systolic blood pressure is greater than 220 mmHg, even if the patient is not experiencing any uncomfortable symptoms. For patients diagnosed with hypertensive emergencies, emergency antihypertensive medications should be administered, first intravenously. Commonly used intravenous drugs include uradil, sodium nitroprusside, phentolamine, furosemide, etc. However, it is important to ensure that the blood pressure is not lowered too quickly and rapidly to avoid inducing cerebral ischemia. The theory is to bring the blood pressure down to no more than 25% of the basal blood pressure within the first hour of admission, and within the next six hours, the blood pressure can be lowered to about 160 mm Hg for high pressure and to about 100 mm Hg for low pressure, maintaining it in a safer range. Within the next 48 hours, the blood pressure can be further reduced to normal levels. If the patient has a new cerebral hemorrhage or cerebral infarction, then lowering the blood pressure to the normal range is not required. There are many factors that can trigger hypertensive emergencies, such as patients taking medication irregularly, stopping medication at will, changing medication at will, acute kidney damage, sympathetic hypertonia, acute vascular lesions, and endocrine system diseases. Therefore, patients must take their medication regularly, and regularly monitor their blood pressure, kidney function, liver function, and control their blood sugar and lipids, which will be more helpful to prevent hypertensive emergencies.