Radiation proctitis is a common acute and chronic complication after radiation therapy for gynecologic tumors, rectal cancer, prostate cancer, and other pelvic malignancies. With the common use of radiation therapy in pelvic malignancies, the incidence of radiation proctitis tends to increase. The incidence of this disease in patients treated with radiation therapy for pelvic tumors ranges from 9.5% to 59.5%. The incidence of early response is 16.1% to 65%, and the incidence of late response is 5% to 15%. Studies on radiation proctitis have been reported from time to time, but there is no recognized effective treatment method. Radiation proctitis is a disease that has emerged since the 20th century with the widespread use of radiation therapy, and there is no corresponding name in the Chinese medical literature since ancient times. The clinical manifestations of this disease are characterized by urgency, abdominal pain, blood in the stool, mucus in the stool, and increased frequency of defecation, which belong to “dysentery”, “diarrhea”, “intestinal wind”, “dirty poison”, and “dirty poison” in Chinese medicine. “dirty poison”, “blood in stool” and so on. For many years, the TCM community has agreed that radiation belongs to the category of “heat, fire and poison”. The radiation can kill the tumor and at the same time easily deplete the body’s qi, blood and fluids. The occurrence of this disease depends on the strength of the patient’s positive qi and the contrast between the power of evil and positive, in addition to the invasion of heat and poison. If the positive qi is weak and unable to defend against the evil, the heat toxin will take advantage of the weakness to enter and accumulate in the lower intestine. If the heat toxin burns the intestine, the lipid ligament is damaged and the flesh is rotten to pus, then mucus, pus and blood will be passed down in the stool. If heat is forced to the large intestine, the stool will be frequent. The large intestine is obstructed by Qi, Qi and blood stagnation, conduction failure, the internal Qi does not pass, then the urgency and heaviness. Heat attacking the large intestine, stagnation, congestion of qi, so the abdomen hurts. The pathogenesis of the disease is always a combination of deficiency, deficiency and reality, internal heat and toxicity, dampness and heat injection, stagnation of qi and blood, and heat congestion and flesh decay. Based on the characteristics of the pathogenesis of radiation proctitis, Chinese medicine has established the treatment principle of combining the support of the positive with the elimination of the evil, treating both the symptoms and the root cause, and focusing on the elimination of the evil. The specific treatment methods include clearing heat and detoxification, clearing heat and dampness, activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis, cooling blood to stop dysentery, astringent bowel to stop diarrhea, and strengthening the spleen and kidney. The TCM treatment of radiation proctitis includes dietary therapy and medication, among which medication is divided into two parts: internal medication and herbal enemas. Many years of research have shown that Chinese medicine is effective in preventing and treating radiation proctitis.