The cause of facial muscle spasm is 99% due to intracranial vascular compression of the facial nerve root, and vascular stimulation of the facial nerve resulting in eye and facial twitching, which is a combination of congenital and acquired factors. In contrast, the etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms of Meijer’s syndrome are not clear. Most scholars believe that the pathogenesis of the disease may be related to damage to the basal ganglia of the brain, hypofunction of nigrostriatal γ-aminobutyric acidergic neurons leading to dopaminergic receptor hypersensitivity or imbalance of dopamine transmitters, and imbalance of cholinergic action. It has been reported that the disease is associated with the use of certain medications, such as long-term use of psychostimulants, anticonvulsant paralytics, and anxiolytics. It has also been reported that the disease is associated with environmental factors that promote and genetic susceptibility resulting in decreased cortical inhibition. An association with autoimmunity and genetic mutations has also been reported. It has also been shown that facial trauma, including dental surgery, can cause oromandibular dystonia, which is particularly pronounced in people susceptible to infection. It has also been suggested that it is related to psychosomatic factors.