What causes congenital heart disease? Studies have found that the high-risk factors that can lead to malformations in fetal heart development include: 1, family history of congenital heart disease 2, pregnant women with diabetes mellitus and untreated to control the condition 3, early pregnancy exposure to teratogenic drugs, such as hormones, phenytoin sodium 4, early pregnancy exposure to radiation such as X-rays, isotopes and other radiation 5, the first three months of pregnancy, especially 3-8 weeks, by viral infection (often manifested as 6, environmental factors 7, consanguineous marriage 8, bad habits, such as pregnant women or husband smoking. Surgical minimally invasive umbrella plugging, as the name implies, is to use a blocking umbrella to correct intracardiac malformations through a tiny incision. The general procedure is to make a small incision in the chest, expose the local surface of the heart, insert a catheter, and through the guidance of ultrasound, the catheter reaches the defect and delivers a blocking umbrella to repair the affected area, thus achieving the purpose of treatment. Minimally invasive umbrella plugging has the following advantages compared with traditional surgical treatment methods: 1, wide range of indications, especially for those who cannot undergo medical intervention: sub-stem, sub-aortic and post-septal VSD, membranous aneurysmal VSD, perimembranous VSD, myocardial VSD; 2, small incision: 3-5 cm at the lower end of the sternum; 3, no extracorporeal circulation, puncture site instead of cardiac incision, no blood transfusion; 4, short operation time, within 40 minutes. The operation time is short, completed within 40 minutes; 5. The operation recovery is fast, can eat 6 hours after the operation, and the average number of postoperative hospital days is 3-5 days. Comparison with catheter intervention Avoiding radioactive damage, avoiding the use of contrast agents, avoiding damage to the endothelium of the blood vessels with short paths and good angles, it is easy to complete surgical blockage that cannot be done by internal medicine or the operation is very difficult. At the same time, because the operation track is easy to establish, the path is short and the angle is more suitable, thus greatly reducing the chance of conduction bundle injury and reducing the occurrence of arrhythmia, that is, reducing the occurrence of surgical complications. The failure of blocking for various reasons can be immediately changed to VSD repair under extracorporeal circulation, which increases the safety of treatment.