Radiation therapy is one of the main treatments for people with malignant tumors, and most patients need to undergo radiation therapy. Due to different purposes of radiotherapy, it can be used as pure radical radiotherapy or palliative radiotherapy, or combined with surgery or chemotherapy. 1.Head and neck tumors Nasopharyngeal cancer and early vocal cord cancer are preferred to radiotherapy; other tumors are treated with radiotherapy and surgery or radiotherapy alone. 2.Thoracic tumors Early esophageal and lung cancers are treated with surgery; middle and late stage esophageal and lung cancers are treated with radiotherapy alone or with surgery; small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of lung is treated with combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. 3.Lymphatic system tumors Hodgkin’s lymphoma stage I, II, IIIA radiotherapy is the main treatment, stage IIIB, IV chemotherapy is the main treatment, together with local radiotherapy; non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma stage I, II radiotherapy is the main treatment, stage III, IV chemotherapy is the main treatment, or can be combined with local radiotherapy. 4. Genitourinary tumors Most of them are mainly treated by surgery, or postoperative radiotherapy. Testicular seminomatous cell tumor is mainly treated with radiotherapy. 5.Gynecological tumors Cervical cancer is mainly treated with radiotherapy, while uterine body and ovarian cancer can be treated with surgery and radiotherapy, and the latter can be treated with chemotherapy. 6.Gastrointestinal tumors Gastric and intestinal cancers are mainly operated, pancreatic and biliary tract cancers can be treated with radiotherapy, and rectal cancers can be treated with surgery or palliative radiotherapy. 7.Bone tumor surgery is the main treatment for osteosarcoma, and radiotherapy and chemotherapy can improve the efficacy; for reticulocytic sarcoma of bone and Ewing’s tumor, radiotherapy is the main treatment and can be combined with chemotherapy; bone metastasis can be treated with pain-relieving radiotherapy, etc. 8.Nervous system tumors Most primary intracranial tumors require postoperative radiotherapy; however, medulloblastoma, ventriculoblastoma and germ cell tumors still require whole central nervous system irradiation; palliative radiotherapy is preferred for intracranial metastases. 9.Skin soft tissue tumors Early stage skin cancer radiotherapy has the same efficacy as surgery; late stage cancer is treated with radiotherapy or with surgery; melanoma and soft tissue sarcoma are mainly treated with surgery, and postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy can improve the efficacy. 10.Breast cancer Early stage cancer is treated by minor surgery plus radical radiotherapy, which has the same efficacy as radical surgery, but preserves the appearance and function of breast; middle stage cancer can be treated by postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy to improve local control; advanced cancer can be treated by preoperative radiotherapy or chemotherapy and radiotherapy. 11.Some benign diseases such as epidermal hemangioma, persistent eczema, skin keloid, neurodermatitis, etc., can also be treated with radiotherapy.