Clinical manifestations of Parkinson’s disease?

  Resting tremor: Tremor is often the earliest manifestation of the disease, usually starting from the distal end of one of the upper extremities, and is characterized by involuntary trembling of the limbs at rest, which is reduced or stopped when changing position or movement. The tremor increases when the patient is emotional or nervous, and can disappear completely during sleep.  Second, muscle rigidity: The limbs and trunk of Parkinson’s disease patients usually lose their flexibility and become rigid. The early stage of the lesion mostly starts from one limb. Initially, the movement of one limb feels inflexible and there is stiffness. It gradually worsens, and there is a delay in movement, and even difficulty in performing the movements of daily life. If you pick up the patient’s arm or leg, it is obvious that it is very difficult to move the joint, like when you are bending a lead pipe back and forth or when two biting gears are turning, which is called lead pipe-like or gear-like stiffness.  Motor retardation: In the early stage, due to the straightening of the upper arm muscles and finger muscles, the patient’s upper limbs are often unable to make fine movements, such as untying shoelaces, buttoning and other movements become much slower than before, or simply cannot be completed successfully.  Other symptoms: 1. lowercase syndrome: writing gradually becomes difficult, the handwriting is bent, the smaller the writing.  2. Mask face: The patient’s expression is dull, rarely blinks, and the rotation of the eyes is reduced, as if wearing a mask.  3.Panic gait: Difficulty in starting when walking, once the step is started, the body leans forward, heavy people move forward, the pace is small but faster and faster, and cannot stop in time.  4, special posture: patients often have a special posture of Parkinson’s disease, as shown by the head leaning forward, trunk slightly flexed, upper arm inward, elbow joint bending, wrist slightly extended, finger metacarpal joint bending surface interphalangeal joint straightening, thumb to palm, hip and knee joints mildly bent. When walking, the synergistic swing of the affected upper limb is reduced or even disappears; it is difficult to turn around, and it takes several consecutive small steps to turn around.  5. Drooling: Due to the motor disorders of the mouth, tongue, palate and pharyngeal muscles, the patient cannot swallow saliva naturally, resulting in a lot of salivation.  6.Language changes: speech is reduced and the voice is low and monotonous.  7.Other: There may be phenomenon of phytodysfunction, such as increased secretion of saliva and sebaceous glands, increased or decreased sweat secretion, and difficulty in excretion of stool and urine.