Hypertension, among the “three highs”, is a clinical syndrome characterized by an increase in blood pressure in the arteries of the body circulation, which can be accompanied by functional or organic damage to the heart, brain, kidneys and other organs. Hypertension can cause complications in the heart, brain, kidneys and other organs, and can lead to a high rate of disability and death. 42% of patients with hypertension have renal complications, and 10% of hypertensive patients die from renal failure. This shows how much damage hypertension can do to the kidneys. Specifically, the main damage of hypertension to the kidney is the glomerulus and tubules. We know that hypertension is a chronic disease, there is no way to completely cure it, only to take medication to maintain treatment, but if once the medication is not appropriate and the blood pressure is not well controlled, then in less than five years, kidney damage will easily occur. And increased nocturia is a characteristic symptom of hypertensive kidney disease in the early stage. If the disease continues to develop, more than half of the glomeruli become sclerotic and the blood creatinine will rise, which means the kidney is damaged to a more serious degree. On the other hand, kidney damage will aggravate hypertensive disease. Usually by the middle or late stages of hypertension, the small renal arteries become sclerotic, renal blood flow decreases, and the kidney’s ability to concentrate urine decreases, at which time polyuria and nocturia will occur. Acute development of hypertension can cause extensive chronic lesions of the small renal arteries, leading to malignant small renal arteriosclerosis, which can rapidly develop into uremia. Blood pressure control is the primary treatment for hypertensive kidney disease. In common hypertensive patients, the goal of blood pressure control is below 140/90 mmHg, while in hypertensive nephropathy, the goal of blood pressure control is more stringent for renal protection, generally below 130/80 mmHg, which requires a combination of drugs. Also in the process of treating hypertensive nephropathy, it is necessary to control the diet, avoid straining, rest more and develop good habits.