The specific survival time of myelofibrosis is related to the patient’s onset, treatment and individual underlying disease. Clinical data show that the survival time after onset ranges from about 3-5 years, with 5 years being the median survival period. However, if the patient receives an effective bone marrow transplant in time, the survival period will be significantly longer or even the same as that of a normal person. Myelofibrosis is a neoplastic disease of the bone marrow hematopoietic system. Patients often present with a large spleen, and the early onset of the disease is insidious, mainly manifesting as active peripheral blood trilineage hyperplasia and increased blood cells. Later, as the disease progresses, patients may experience a significant decrease in blood cell count and myelosuppression, which may result in symptoms such as weakness, bleeding, infection, anemia, and loss of appetite. There is no effective treatment for myelosuppression, and patients need to be treated symptomatically and have their anemia corrected in a timely manner. If patients receive bone marrow transplantation early, they may be cured. In conclusion, it is recommended that patients need to visit the hematology department of the hospital promptly when discomfort occurs, intervene early, and actively cooperate with treatment to obtain maximum survival.