Osteoarthritis is one of the most common types of arthritis, especially inflammation of the knee joint, which is most commonly referred to as “bone spurs” and “osteophytes” in the joints. Medically speaking, osteoarthritis is also called degenerative arthritis, but this inflammation is not an infectious inflammation that often requires antibiotic treatment, but rather an aging and wear and tear of the joints. It is caused by the wear and tear and degeneration of the normal joint cartilage, due to various reasons. Each of us has a layer of cartilage wrapped around the outside of our bones and joints, which is commonly referred to as “brittle bone,” and this “brittle bone” is actually very deep and flexible, and can also secrete the lubricating fluid needed by the joints. The main cause of osteoarthritis is that this layer of articular cartilage is damaged with age and gradually wears away, softening the cartilage matrix, losing elasticity and strength, causing sclerosis or cystic changes in the subchondral bone and the formation of bone spurs, exposing the subchondral bone, resulting in pain and movement disorders. As the pain worsens, the symptoms become more severe, and once the joint deformation occurs, “O” shaped legs and “X” shaped legs will be formed. The joint deformity causes a change in the line of force in the lower extremity, so that the body’s weight is placed on one side of the joint. As the patient walks, the weight is concentrated on the side where the force line has changed, resulting in accelerated wear and tear, swelling and pain in the joint, and difficulty in taking each step, which can be painful and difficult to walk. So, the cause of arthritis is intense wear and tear, which, in layman’s terms, is related to the “aging” of the joints after decades of use – just like a new car doesn’t break down, but an old car is prone to do so. It used to be thought that osteoarthritis was a disease unique to the elderly, but recently it has been discovered that human joints can develop asymptomatic degeneration as early as age 30 or even younger, with symptoms appearing when the person reaches age 40 or 50. Therefore, the best way not to let “bone spurs” hurt you too much is to prevent them from happening in the first place. These measures include: 1, reduce weight; 2, try not to wear high-heeled shoes; 3, protect the joints from damage; 4, minimize frequent high exercise; 5, take Vit A, Vit C, Vit E and supplement Vit D to prevent osteoarthritis, etc. In the treatment of osteoarthritis, the pathology and physiology of osteoarthritis, including its treatment, have been studied since the 18th century. Nowadays, a more complete system of treatment has been developed. 1. Early stage: Conservative treatment is often used, such as internal and external application of Chinese medicine, Chinese massage, oral painkillers, oral anti-inflammatory drugs, vitamin drugs, nutritional cartilage drugs, in addition, intra-articular injection of some cartilage lubricant, which is useful for mild degeneration of early joint cartilage. 2.Middle stage: If there is a free body in the joint, that is, a larger volume of bone spur, or the degree of wear of articular cartilage is relatively heavy, there is some fluid and swelling, often take minimally invasive surgical treatment, such as arthroscopic surgery, is to make 2-3 5mm small holes in the joint, using an endoscope, this mirror and chopstick head thickness, through it to observe the lesion in the joint, and then do treatment and therapy. 3.Late stage: The joint is seriously deformed, “O”-shaped leg and “X”-shaped leg appear, walking is difficult, and the joint gap disappears through “X”-photographic examination. In other words, the joint is no longer seamed, the joint has disappeared, full of bone spurs, and the activity has basically disappeared, so walking a few hundred meters is not possible, and the pain is unbearable. In this case, artificial knee replacement surgery is usually considered. This is done by removing the diseased surface of the joint, removing a few millimeters, and then cutting out a fresh surface, wrapping a metal sleeve around the thigh bone and a metal sleeve around the calf bone, and placing a polymer polyethylene sheet in the middle, just like putting a “denture” on a broken tooth. After the surgery, the effect is obvious: first of all, the joint does not hurt when walking, walking freely; secondly, the lower limb force line is corrected, whether it is “O” shaped leg or “X” shaped leg, after the surgery, the leg becomes straight; thirdly, no matter bending or straighten, the joints can be restored to normal.