Congenital hip dislocation is the most common deformity of the extremities. Characteristically, at birth, most children have partial dislocation of the head of the femur from the acetabulum, while a few have complete dislocation of the acetabulum. The incidence of congenital hip dislocation in China ranges from 0.91‰ to 8.2‰, with an average incidence of 3.9‰, and the incidence is higher in females than in males. The treatment of congenital hip dislocation requires different methods according to different ages, and the general principle is early diagnosis and early treatment. According to the experience of pediatric orthopedic surgeons in China, children within 6 months of age should be treated mainly by non-surgical treatment, i.e., closed repositioning and external fixation of the repositioned hip joint with a brace, cast or splint, while children over 6 months of age should be treated mainly by surgical treatment. A large number of clinical practice has proved that children from birth to 6 months of age are the best period for non-surgical treatment, and do not need to be repositioned by manipulation, applying a simple soft brace such as an abductor pillow and a dressing girdle to keep both hip joints flexed and abducted. The success rate is 85%-95%. Beyond 6 months, the joint needs to be stabilized by external fixation or incisional repositioning after manual repositioning. How to detect congenital hip dislocation as early as possible? For children from birth to 1 year old, if the following signs are found, close attention should be paid and congenital hip dislocation should be highly suspected: 1. one lower limb has less movement and less pedaling power than the other; 2. the skin folds on the inner thighs of both sides are asymmetrical, and the skin lines on the affected side are deeper than those on the healthy side; 3. when bathing or changing diapers, a popping sound can be heard at the hip joint; 4. both lower limbs are unequal in length; 5. The child walks with a limp gait (unilateral hip dislocation) or swaying, which is called “duck gait” (bilateral hip dislocation), with flat and wide hips, widened perineum and rearward shrugging of the hips. If treated in infancy, the child will walk normally in the future and will not have any influence in later life. However, if treatment is delayed, there is a risk of permanent lameness and pain.