Malignant tumor is a disease that seriously threatens human health. In recent years, its incidence has increased significantly, and malignant tumors top the list of deaths caused by various diseases. Therefore, how to prevent tumors and promote the recovery of tumor patients after treatment is a topic of great concern to many people. What is tumor? Tumor is a new organism formed by the abnormal proliferation of tissue cells in the body due to the loss of normal growth control, which can be divided into benign and malignant. Benign tumors generally grow slowly and do not metastasize, most of them are curable and have a good prognosis; malignant tumors develop faster, easily invade surrounding organs and metastasize distantly, and have a poor prognosis. In pathology, cancer refers to malignant tumors derived from epithelial tissues, accounting for about 90% of malignant tumors. In general, cancer is often used to refer to all malignant tumors in general. What are the main hazards of tumors? Tumors can directly invade, compress and damage important organs of human body, such as brain tumor can cause hemiplegia, lung cancer can cause pleural fluid, stomach cancer and liver cancer can cause hemorrhage. Because of the rapid growth of malignant tumor, it can consume a lot of nutrients and even lead to systemic failure, therefore, tumor patients mostly suffer from emaciation, weakness, loss of appetite, and in the advanced stage, they may also develop eosinophilia and persistent coma. The tumor itself and the toxins secreted by the tumor can also cause various symptoms, such as causing local and general pain, prolonged hypothermia or even hyperthermia. However, with the development of modern medical technology and the popularization of medical knowledge, more and more people realize that cancer can be prevented and treated. The World Health Organization suggests that through active prevention, one-third of patients can avoid cancer; through early detection and early treatment, one-third of cancer patients can be cured; through scientific and reasonable comprehensive treatment, one-third of cancer patients can reduce their pain and prolong their lives. What are the principles of tumor treatment? Modern medicine believes that tumor is a local reflection of systemic disease, therefore, treatment of tumor should be integrated by various means including Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and through comprehensive consideration of patient’s disease progress and overall condition of the body, treatment should be reasonably arranged to obtain the best effect, instead of simply adding or subtracting various treatment means. Specifically, when a tumor patient is first diagnosed, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy should be used to combat and destroy the tumor as much as possible, in order to reduce the tumor load (attacking the evil primarily), while paying attention to protecting the righteousness (supplemented by supporting the righteousness); after the tumor load is greatly reduced, the focus of treatment should be shifted to supporting the righteousness, and promoting the recovery of all functions of the body to the maximum extent (rebuilding the righteousness); after recovery, if necessary, the treatment can also be shifted to radiotherapy and chemotherapy to combat the tumor. After recovery, if necessary, the treatment can also be transferred to the third stage of combating tumors with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, to consolidate the therapeutic effect and remove the potential cancer cells remaining in the body as much as possible; later on, the treatment will enter the fourth stage, that is, to insist on long-term corrective treatment in order to suppress the recurrence and metastasis of tumors to the greatest extent (Chinese medicine treatment with the main focus on corrective treatment and the supplement of cancer suppression). Practice has proved that such a treatment mode can prolong the survival time of patients, improve the quality of life and enhance the effect of treatment to a certain extent. Tumor prevention 1. Healthy lifestyle is the first line of defense for tumor prevention Modern medicine believes that the cause of tumor involves all aspects of life, so tumor is a lifestyle disease first. Lifestyle includes people’s clothing, food, housing, transportation and certain behaviors and hobbies. To prevent tumor, we should start from cultivating a healthy lifestyle to build the first line of defense against cancer, which includes: Avoid smoking and alcoholism The health hazards of smoking and alcoholism are too numerous to mention. Nicotine, nitrosamines, tar, carbon monoxide and other harmful substances in tobacco and its combustion process are among the most important factors leading to lung cancer. Long-term, excessive alcohol stimulation has serious damage to the digestive tract and liver, which can easily induce stomach cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer and other malignant tumors. Fresh fruits and vegetables contain more vitamins and trace elements, which can promote the body to remove various cancer-causing toxins; many beans are rich in plant protein and trace elements and other anti-cancer substances, so eating more beans is good for the prevention of breast cancer; coarse grains contain plant fiber, which is good for the prevention of intestinal cancer; in addition, appropriate consumption of animal liver to supplement selenium, calcium, iodine and other trace elements is also good for the prevention and fight against cancer. In addition, proper consumption of animal liver to supplement trace elements such as selenium, calcium and iodine is also good for preventing and fighting cancer, while some pickled and smoked foods should be eaten sparingly because they contain many substances that may cause cancer. Insist on physical exercise: “Life lies in exercise”. Proper and regular exercise can promote metabolism, enhance human resistance, relieve work tension and pressure, and especially help reduce the occurrence of breast cancer and intestinal cancer. Especially for people who are mainly engaged in mental work, the exercise standard we advocate can be summarized as three, five, seven: that is, walking three kilometers at medium speed for more than thirty minutes every day, exercising five times a week, and the intensity of exercise is appropriate for the body to sweat slightly after exercise, and the heart rate + age = about 170. In short, the most important thing about scientific and reasonable exercise is that: the ability to do, step by step, it is important to adhere to. Maintain an optimistic state of mind Negative emotions such as tension, depression and anger are hidden bombs in human body. These negative stimuli affect internal organs through endocrine system and immune function, and greatly reduce the body’s own defense ability against tumors. Therefore, through physical exercise, self-regulation and necessary psychological treatment to maintain a positive, optimistic and upward psychological state, it can also play a role in tumor prevention and treatment. The development of tumor is a process of progressive aggravation. Once it reaches the middle and late stage, with extensive lesions or distant metastases, the treatment effect is often poor and the prognosis is also poor. If the tumor can be detected early and the lesion has not metastasized yet, it can be cured through surgery or radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Although the early symptoms of tumor are not obvious, many early tumors can be correctly diagnosed in time as long as people are alert to their signs and seek medical treatment in time and the primary physicians can pay attention to them and take certain diagnostic measures. The following are the typical early manifestations of tumors with high prevalence in China for reference: (1) Dry cough, blood in sputum, chest tightness, chest pain, etc. that cannot be cured for a long time. (2) Unexplained hoarseness, shoulder and back pain, and pestle-like fingers. (3) Persistent dysphagia and foreign body sensation in the esophagus (may be related to esophageal cancer) (4) Irregular lumps in the breast, nipple overflow or cellulite changes in the breast skin. (5) Persistent dyspepsia, loss of appetite, unexplained emaciation, anemia and irregular abdominal pain (may be related to breast cancer) (6) Rapid growth of upper abdominal mass, pain in the liver area, yellowish staining of skin and sclera. (7) Change in bowel habits and hematuria. (May be related to colorectal cancer) (8) Painless hematuria of unknown origin. (May be related to bladder cancer) (9) Nodules in the submandibular, axillary, and inguinal areas with fever, fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, and itchy skin. (May be related to malignant lymphoma) (10) Recurrent episodes of high people of unknown origin, etc. （It should be pointed out that the early manifestations of tumors are very different and sometimes not typical, so patients need to identify them carefully, and should not avoid avoiding “cancer”, and if necessary, the diagnosis can be assisted by checking carcinoembryonic antigen, methemoglobin and blood sedimentation. Chinese medicine has always emphasized the idea of “treating the disease before it happens”, including the idea of prevention. In the long-term medical practice, TCM has accumulated rich experience and methods in tumor prevention, especially for the high-risk groups with genetic tendency of tumor families or precancerous lesions, as well as in the prevention of recurrence and metastasis of tumor patients after surgery, which can achieve more satisfactory results through reasonable treatment of TCM. Chinese medicine believes that the occurrence of malignant tumors is due to the internal deficiency of the body’s positive energy and the accumulation of evil toxins. Therefore, Chinese medicine mainly focuses on the prevention of tumors by supporting the positive energy and cultivating the root, detoxifying and anti-cancer, and by supporting and tonifying the body’s qi, blood, yin and yang to maximize the mobilization of the body’s own anti-disease ability, so as to interrupt the possible cancerous tendency of the body and eradicate the soil for the occurrence of tumors. At the same time, the use of detoxifying and anti-cancer Chinese medicine directly inhibits and destroys cells with malignant potential, so as to achieve the purpose of tumor prevention. The drugs commonly used in Chinese medicine to support the body include ginseng, astragalus, codonopsis, poria, atractylodes, angelica, yam, prunus, coix seeds, wolfberry, chasteberry, bone marrow, etc. Modern research proves that these drugs can significantly improve human immune function. Commonly used anticancer and detoxification herbs include white flowered snake’s tongue, half branch lotus, vine pear root, earth poria, golden nourishing wheat, dried toad skin, white ying, longan, snake berry, bitter ginseng, etc. These drugs have the effect of killing tumor cells directly or indirectly. The use of anti-cancer drugs to support and detoxify the patient combined with the patient’s own specific conditions is a common method of tumor prevention in Chinese medicine. In addition, recent studies have also found that: Liu Wei Di Huang Wan and Dong Ling Cao Tablets can inhibit to a certain extent the precancerous lesions of esophageal cancer – heavy hyperplasia of esophageal epithelium; Si Jun Zi Tang, Xiao Chai Hu Tang and Huang Qi Jian Zhong Tang have better effects on important precancerous diseases of stomach – chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinalization or atypical hyperplasia, residual gastritis, etc. The effect of Si Jun Zi Tang, Xiao Chai Hu Tang and Huang Qi Jian Zhong Tang on the important precancerous gastric diseases – chronic atrophic gastritis with intestinal or atypical hyperplasia and residual gastritis. Another characteristic of Chinese medicine is to advocate “medicine and food in the same source”, “medicine in food”, such as through green tea to prevent cancer. Green tea is rich in tea polyphenols, vitamin C and trace elements of manganese. Tea polyphenols can block the synthesis of amine nitrite and eliminate carcinogenic sources in the body; vitamin C and trace elements of manganese have the role of anti-radiation and reduce the incidence of liver cancer. In addition, we advocate eating more asparagus, silver fungus, shiitake mushroom, reishi and garlic, which are both common foods in life and natural medicines with certain anti-cancer and anti-cancer effects. Rehabilitation of tumor Rehabilitation of tumor is to promote the recovery of body function after surgery or radiotherapy or chemotherapy, improve the quality of life and maximize the patients’ return to society by mobilizing patients’ enthusiasm and applying various methods. It involves many disciplines such as medicine, sociology, psychology, nutrition and sports medicine, including functional rehabilitation, psychological guidance, dietary contraindication, natural therapy, music therapy, Chinese medicine treatment and other fields. 1.Functional rehabilitation Upper limb training after breast cancer surgery Due to the obstruction of lymphatic flow, breast cancer patients often have edema of the affected upper limbs after surgery, which is difficult to be eliminated and seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Generally, patients with breast cancer should try to practice fist clenching, wrist flexion and elbow flexion on the affected wrist and elbow on the first one or two days after surgery, 4-6 times a day for 3-5 minutes each time according to individual conditions; functional training of shoulder joint lifting can be started after one week. During the recovery period, do not squeeze the affected upper limb or use the affected limb to lift heavy objects or to collect blood or infusion. The steps are: swallowing a certain amount of gas and storing it in the esophageal cavity, forming a pseudo-vocal valve at the upper end of the esophagus, so that the gas inside the esophagus can slowly escape and be pronounced. The esophageal vocal method needs to be practiced continuously by patients to comprehend the skill of lucky vocalization and to be persistent in order to achieve the ideal treatment effect. In fact, it is not difficult for patients to learn a vocal method, what is difficult is to overcome the psychological barriers, face the reality, get out of the self-enclosed psychological forbidden zone, and be brave to live and communicate with others. 2.Psychological guidance When most of the tumor patients know their condition, they will mostly produce tension, anxiety, depression, melancholy and even pessimism and despair because they do not know much about the tumor. In fact, in this extraordinary period, what patients and family members need is not tears and pain, which is only as a temporary vent, but what they need is to establish a normal heart, calmly and bravely face the reality and choose correct and positive treatment, write new life music with determination, confidence and persistence, and regain smile and happiness. Patients should realize that with the development of medicine today, cancer does not necessarily mean death, and they should regard the disease as a bumpy road and tribulation that they often encounter in life, and getting through it is a straight path and happiness. Patients should understand that although examination and treatment may bring pain to the body, as long as they are necessary and the results are beneficial, they should actively cooperate and bravely accept them. Doctors and family members should pay attention to the psychological changes of patients at all times, give timely scientific explanations and life guidance, and create a warm and comfortable environment so that patients can actively cooperate with treatment in a relaxed and pleasant atmosphere to achieve satisfactory treatment results. Patients can engage in recreational activities according to their own hobbies and interests, which are beneficial to body and mind, in order to facilitate the early recovery of the disease. Diet is one of the important factors affecting the recovery and prognosis of tumor patients. For example, tumor patients are hot and poisonous, thirsty and disturbed, it is advisable to eat more fruits, watermelon, rice porridge and some cool and stomach-healthy foods, avoid spicy and greasy products; some patients have dry mouth and less food, sometimes nausea, red tongue without moss and other symptoms of stomach yin deficiency after surgery or radiation and chemotherapy, so they should avoid spicy and hot foods that hurt yin. In the above two cases, eating too much spicy food is like pouring oil on the fire for the condition of heat and Yin, which will aggravate the condition. On the other hand, some patients show a bunch of Yang deficiency and cold symptoms, such as coldness, swelling and loose stools, etc. At this time, patients should not eat too much raw and cold food (even fruits), otherwise, it will be like adding more frost to the snow, which is obviously unfavorable to the disease. In general, the diet of tumor patients should not be too restrictive, which will affect the nutritional intake and lead to the prolongation of the disease, but should not be careless, which will lead to the progress of the disease. Generally speaking, for tumor patients, smoking and alcohol should be absolutely forbidden, spicy and stimulating food should be avoided as much as possible, and seafood should also be eaten sparingly. In addition, as long as the condition allows, and can ensure nutrition, suitable for patients’ taste can be used. 3, back to nature Nature is the source of life, people return to nature, whistling fresh air, experience the flow of clouds, flowers and birds, will make people feel at ease, relaxed, fun and will make tumor patients forget the pain of disease, conducive to physical and mental recovery. Sunlight therapy Chinese medicine has always attached importance to the special effect of the sun’s energy on the human body. The effectiveness of sunlight therapy lies in the use of natural yang energy to supplement the yang energy of human body. Tumor patients, especially those in the middle and late stages, absorb a lot of nutrients from human body, especially after using high doses of radiation and chemical drug treatment, both positive and negative, deficiency of qi, blood, yin and yang, often appear to be afraid of cold, spontaneous sweating, weakness, lazy speech and other yang deficiency manifestations, at this time, sunlight therapy is one of the important measures for tumor patients’ health care and recovery, and its specific methods can be divided into backlight bath, face light bath and sunlight therapy. The specific methods can be divided into backlight bath, face light bath and whole body sun bath, which can be chosen by combining with the specific conditions of patients. Spring water therapy China is a country with abundant mineral water. Tumor patients, especially early stage patients or post-operative patients, should often take mineral spring bath. As the temperature, water pressure, buoyancy and other natural physical factors of spring water stimulate the body, it can stimulate the yang energy in the body, warm the meridians, smooth the qi and blood, promote the metabolism, relax the mind, improve the general condition, enhance the resistance, which has its undervalued role in preventing the recurrence and metastasis of tumor and prolonging the life. Forest therapy Forests are mostly surrounded by mountains, with elegant environment and beautiful scenery, people are naturally open-minded and relaxed in such an environment, which is an ideal place for tumor patients to recover. Many advanced patients often lose their courage and confidence in life, but when they step into the forest where everything is lush and the air is fresh, it is believed that the depression will be swept away and the mood will be uplifted, even forgetting the pain of illness, thus helping to promote the overall recovery of body and mind. In addition, there are air therapy, flower therapy, alpine therapy, cave therapy, mud therapy and other methods, these rich treatment means from the summary of long-term medical experience, as long as the scientific and reasonable choice of use, will achieve practical results. Music can make tumor patients open their mind and relax their spirit through harmonious and beautiful melodies, forget the pain of disease, dispel the depression in their heart, and arouse their love for life and confidence in fighting with disease, such as: music to relieve melancholy “Spring is coming”, “Joyful”, “A, Moxie”. Music to lift the spirit: “Step by Step”, “Golden Snake Dance”. The music to soothe the heart and the mind “Spring Breeze” and “Jiangnan Good”. The music to eliminate fatigue: “The Flower on the Beach”, “The Beach on the Beaten Day”, “Music on the Water”. Music to calm the mind: “Spring River Flowers and Moonlight Night”, “Song on the Seashore”, “Little Peach Red”. Hypnotic music: “Autumn Moon of Ping Lake”, “Spring Thoughts”, “A Midsummer Night’s Dream”. 5.Chinese medicine treatment In tumor treatment, surgery and radiotherapy and chemotherapy are often used as the main means of treatment, but these treatments can also cause different degrees of damage to the body while fighting against tumors. Chinese medicine plays an important role in treating complications of tumor patients after surgery and radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and promoting the recovery of the body. Bile reflux gastritis after gastric cancer surgery Due to the loss of pyloric function after gastric surgery, alkaline contents in the duodenum reflux into the stomach, which often causes alkaline flow gastritis. The clinical manifestations are: burning pain in the stomach and epigastric region, aggravated after eating, accompanied by dullness and little food, dry mouth and bitterness, nausea and vomiting, yellow or yellow-green secretions in the vomit, or food residues in the vomit, abdominal distension, red tongue, thin white and yellow coating, and thin pulse. TCM believes that these manifestations are caused by disharmony between the gall bladder and stomach, and most of them are treated by methods of draining the liver, tonifying the gall bladder and lowering the stomach rebellion, such as the use of Xiao Chai Hu Tang and other prescriptions. Dumping syndrome after digestive tract surgery Dumping syndrome is also a common complication of digestive tract, especially after gastric cancer surgery. Its clinical manifestations are: epigastric distension, nausea, regurgitation, followed by belching, diarrhea, abdominal distension, and urgent defecation within 30 minutes after eating, accompanied by pallor, fatigue, palpitations, dizziness, profuse sweating, and weak or counted pulse, and the symptoms subside on their own in about one hour. Chinese medicine believes that these symptoms are caused by the weakness of the spleen and qi, and the loss of harmony and descent of the stomach, and are often treated by methods of strengthening the spleen and benefiting the qi, harmonizing the stomach and lowering the rebellion, such as tonifying Zhong Yi Qi Tang or Xiang Sha Liu Jun Zi Tang. Swelling of the affected limbs after breast cancer surgery Breast cancer surgery often results in edema of the affected upper limbs due to the removal of more tissues and poor lymphatic return, and the longer the time, the worse the treatment effect. TCM believes that these symptoms are caused by the loss of qi and blood and the retention of water and dampness. Most of them are treated by methods to benefit qi, nourish blood and promote water, such as using five-skin drink, scape drabble and jujube diarrhea lung soup, angelica and blood tonic soup, sijunzi soup and ten whole tonic soup. Radiation pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis Radiation therapy is an important treatment for lung cancer and breast cancer. Some patients may develop radiation pneumonia and pulmonary fibrosis within one week to six months after chest radiotherapy, which may even be life-threatening. Acute radiation pneumonia mainly manifests as irritating cough, shortness of breath, chest tightness and fever, which can easily cause lung infection. Chinese medicine mostly adopts methods to clear heat and detoxify the lungs, nourish Yin and benefit the lungs, such as the use of Sha Shen Mai Men Dong Tang and Bai He Gu Jin Tang for treatment. The main manifestations of radiation pulmonary fibrosis are: the symptoms are generally mild at the beginning, gradually the whistling function decreases, there is difficulty in whistling, shortness of breath and chest tightness, breath-holding, and even right heart failure occurs. Chinese medicine mostly adopts the method of activating blood and removing silt, softening and dispersing, such as using the formula of Blood Mansions and Stagnation Soup and Qianjin Reed Stem Soup. Chemotherapy-induced phlebitis Many chemotherapy drugs are often applied intravenously due to drug extravasation and phlebitis, which can be treated with external application of raw muscle yuhong cream or cold compresses of Huanglian, Huangbai and Hujian decoction, which is more effective. For peri-neuritis caused by vincristine and onychomycin, commonly used to activate the meridians drugs, such as chicken blood vine, Wujiapi, papaya, wei lingxian, kudzu, astragalus, angelica decoction or fumigation treatment. 6.Misconceptions Prescriptions to cure major diseases Tumors, especially malignant tumors, are very complicated in terms of occurrence and development, and so far no single therapy has been scientifically proven to overcome tumors. Modern medical science believes that scientific treatment should be comprehensive treatment including Chinese medicine and western medicine, that is, by considering the progress of patient’s disease and the overall condition of the body, reasonably arranging various treatment means (including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, Chinese medicine treatment, etc.), in order to maximize the quality of life of patients, prolong the survival time and obtain a more satisfactory treatment effect. It is unscientific to put the hope of tumor cure on some partial prescriptions and experimental prescriptions, which will only bring a lot of pain and regret to tumor patients and their families. Health care products can also treat tumors Currently, health care products related to tumors are flooding the market, and many of them are illegal and exaggerated propaganda, which can easily cause economic loss to tumor patients and more importantly, mislead the disease. In fact, there is a fundamental difference between health care products and drugs. All regular approved drugs meet the unified efficacy, toxicity and quality standards, have clear indications, contraindications, dosage and usage, and are strictly audited to obtain the batch number with “Health Drug Certificate”, while health care products can be marketed and circulated as long as they are harmless to human body, and do not have the therapeutic effect of drugs on specific diseases. Therefore, health care crystals cannot replace drugs. Some patients are diagnosed with cancer and their family members or friends often want to keep it a secret because they cannot accept the sudden shock. One of the most common measures is to avoid going to a specialized oncology hospital or seeking treatment from a professional doctor. Therefore, the professional level of the doctor and the cooperation of the patient are very important. Concealing the disease is not conducive to scientific treatment; on the other hand, the popularity of modern medical knowledge also makes it difficult to ensure that the patient cannot find traces of the disease and has serious psychological burden. In addition, from the perspective of medical ethics, the patient’s right to know about his or her condition should also be respected. Therefore, we advocate taking into account the patient’s ability to cope with the premise of taking appropriate ways to enable patients to gradually understand their true condition and build up their confidence to overcome the disease.