1, sputum TB test: ① sputum smear test. Sputum tuberculosis bacillus examination is simple and easy to perform, and the detection of tuberculosis bacillus in sputum can confirm the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Generally, three sputum specimens should be checked at the first visit, namely night sputum, early morning sputum and immediate sputum, and inpatients should check morning sputum three times in a row. ② Sputum tuberculosis culture, the results of which are highly credible and can do tuberculosis drug sensitivity test, but it takes 4 to 8 weeks and its application is limited. Rapid culture methods are available for trial. 2. X-ray examination: X-ray examination of the chest can not only detect tuberculosis at an early stage, but also determine the location, nature and extent of the lesion, understand the onset of disease and judge the effect of treatment, but some smaller or hidden lesions are not easily detected. CT of the chest can make up for the lack of general X-ray examination. 3, immunological diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis: ① commonly used are PPD test, the test positive or strong positive is one of the evidence of TB infection status. ② Positive blood and sputum TB antibody tests also help in diagnosis. ③Patients with severe tuberculosis may have abnormal endocrine tests. ④BACTEC method to measure the metabolites of tuberculosis bacteria, generally two weeks to isolate the tuberculosis bacteria, but the amount of bacteria can affect the positive results. ⑤ polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the advantage is that the sensitivity of 98% to 100%, but the specificity is poor. 4, other tests: ① fiberoptic bronchoscopy: can directly observe or indirectly determine the bronchial and pulmonary lesions, and has the function of biopsy, lavage, video recording, taking endotracheal photographs, etc., which is especially useful for diagnosis and differential diagnosis. ②Thoracoscopy and mediastinoscopy: both can be used to observe enlarged lymph nodes in the thorax and mediastinum, and biopsies can be taken out for diagnosis and differential diagnosis. ③Ultrasound examination: mainly used for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pleural effusion and adjacent pleural intrapulmonary lesions.