In traditional Chinese medicine, thick yellow sputum is considered to be phlegm-heat stagnation in the lung, at which time heat-clearing and phlegm-transforming methods can be used, such as Lung Power Cough Compound, Fishy Cough Oral Liquid, and Compound Fresh Bamboo Li Liquid. In western medicine, yellow thick sputum needs to be considered whether there is a combination of bacterial infection, and inflammatory indexes such as blood routine and C-reactive protein can be improved to clarify the diagnosis. From the clinical aspect, if long-term yellow thick sputum is present, it is necessary to consider whether chronic bronchitis, bronchial dilatation, lung abscess and other chronic respiratory diseases, and it is recommended to improve chest CT and lung function examination to clarify the diagnosis.