1. What are the clinical manifestations of spinal tuberculosis? (a) Systemic symptoms are not obvious in the early stage. In the active stage, there are symptoms of systemic toxicity such as loss of appetite, wasting, afternoon hot flashes and night sweats. (2) Local symptoms and signs (1) Pain is mainly localized and aggravated during labor and coughing. The affected area may have pressure pain, percussion pain and radiating pain. (2) Spinal deformity is formed after the destruction and collapse of the vertebral body, resulting in angular posterior deformity. It is unique to spinal tuberculosis. (3) Muscle spasm, postural abnormalities and restricted movement in patients with cervical spine tuberculosis may have oblique neck deformity, or forward head flexion, which is significantly restricted when moving. Patients with thoracic and lumbar spine tuberculosis cannot bend over. Therefore, the posture of picking up things is very special, not bending down to pick up. Instead, they bend their hips, bend their knees, squat with their waists, support their thighs with one hand, and pick up things on the ground with the other hand. (4) Cold abscesses should be carefully examined, and puncture can be performed if suspected. 2.How to treat spinal tuberculosis? The treatment of spinal tuberculosis should include three aspects: (1) treatment of the tuberculosis itself; (2) release of spinal cord compression; and (3) prevention and treatment of various complications. For early cases not accompanied by spinal cord compression and a large number of paravertebral abscesses, standardized anti-TB treatment alone is possible; for cases with obvious spinal deformity and spinal cord compression or with a large number of dead bones and cold abscesses that are difficult to absorb on their own, surgical treatment is required. But in either case. Anti-TB treatment is the basis and fundamental of the treatment of spinal tuberculosis. 3.What is the relationship between anti-TB treatment and surgical treatment? Anti-TB treatment is the most fundamental treatment for spinal tuberculosis, and standard anti-TB treatment should be given once the diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis is confirmed. Surgery is an important treatment for some of the more severe spinal tuberculosis lesions. Surgery can achieve a variety of effects such as accelerated cure of TB, stabilization of the spine, and decompression of the spinal cord. However, it is impossible to cure spinal tuberculosis by focusing on surgery alone and ignoring drug therapy. 4.What are the principles of anti-TB for patients with spinal tuberculosis? Early, combined, appropriate, regular, and complete. 5.What should patients with spinal tuberculosis pay attention to after surgery? (1) Continue the regular anti-TB treatment, which is most important. (2) Pay attention to the toxic side effects of anti-TB during the anti-TB period, and it is best to recheck liver function once a month. (3) Absolute bed rest as prescribed by the doctor, and do not get out of bed and walk with weight too early. (4) Increase nutritional support, especially protein and vitamin supplementation. (5) Follow the doctor’s orders for regular rechecking.