Fungal dermatoses, also known as dermatophytoses, are a large group of infectious diseases of human skin and skin appendages such as mucous membranes, hair and nails caused by pathogenic fungi. These include superficial fungal dermatoses that invade the epidermis and skin appendages, deep fungal dermatoses that invade subcutaneous tissues, and systemic and disseminated fungal diseases that invade internal organs. Among them, superficial fungal dermatoses mainly caused by dermatophytes account for 90%, which is commonly known as “ringworm” and “mycosis”. Superficial fungal diseases are common and frequent in dermatology clinics, accounting for the second or third highest incidence of outpatients, and even the first in some hospitals. The three main types of fungi that cause dermatophytosis are Trichophyton spp., Sporotrichum spp. and Epidermophyton spp. Infection of human skin results in erythematous papules, blisters, scaling, hair breakage, hair loss and nail plate changes. It can be clinically classified into ringworm of the head, ringworm of the body, ringworm of the femur, ringworm of the hands and feet, and ringworm of the nails, depending on the site of infection. Patients have varying degrees of pruritus, pain, disfiguring changes and functional disorders, which cause great distress to their life, work and psychological and social life. The diagnosis of superficial fungal disease mainly relies on laboratory fungal microscopy and culture, and clinical Woo’s lamp is helpful for diagnosis, as well as pathological histological examination when necessary. Treatment is mainly based on topical antifungal drugs, and oral fluconazole, itraconazole, terbinafine, voriconazole and ashwagandha can be given to those with extensive lesions and severe disease.