As China gradually enters an aging society, the number of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in the elderly is increasing, and the pain caused by them has a great impact on the quality of life and family life of patients. Previously, the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures was mainly conservative, but prolonged bed rest was prone to complications, and there was almost nothing that could be done to relieve pain and improve deformity. Vertebroplasty is an emerging minimally invasive treatment technique in recent years, which requires only a percutaneous puncture in the lumbar back to access the vertebral body via the pedicle or a balloon to prop up the compressed vertebral body and inject the bone cement to provide stable support. Because of the advantages of this technique, such as small trauma, obvious effect and short hospital stay, it has been carried out in major hospitals in China in recent years. It is particularly effective in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. The Department of Orthopedics of our hospital, led by Dr. Liu Dongxin, has been exploring the application of the new technology, and has successfully applied this technology to treat nearly 100 cases of fresh osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in the elderly, all of which have achieved satisfactory results. Case selection: 1. Patients with acute vertebral fractures, mostly accompanied by unbearable pain; 2. Patients with chronic pain recurring for a long time after conservative treatment; 3. Patients with severe burst fractures, incomplete posterior wall of the spinal canal or patients with severe vertebral collapse, less than 1/3 of the original vertebral height, are not treated by this method. In addition, patients with coagulation disorders should not undergo vertebroplasty. Mechanisms of significant pain relief with vertebroplasty: 1. microfractures in osteoporotic vertebrae are fixed by bone cement; 2. sensory nerve endings in the vertebral body are destroyed by the high temperature generated by bone cement solidification. Technical advantages: 1, minimally invasive surgery, through the C-arm machine fluoroscopic monitoring and balloon technology application, this technology is more safe and reliable; 2, pain relief effect is remarkable, the second day after surgery can be out of bed; 3, vertebroplasty through the combination of bone cement and vertebral body cancellous bone fixation, so that the injured vertebral body strength increased, but also increased the stability of the vertebral body, and to a certain extent to restore the height of the injured vertebrae, can allow patients to get out of bed early This allows the patient to get out of bed early and reduces the occurrence of complications. As vertebroplasty continues to mature and advance, it will become an important tool in the clinical treatment of osteoporotic compression fractures in the elderly, bringing a boon to reshaping the spinal health of the elderly.