Clinically, not all loss of consciousness is a seizure, but epilepsy should be differentiated from many other disorders, including syncope, hysteria, and tics. EEG and other ancillary tests can be very helpful in identifying seizures; it is important not to carry a heavy burden because of a “fainting spell” and to stay optimistic and active in seeking medical attention. Epilepsy is a very common neurological disorder. Although the pathogenesis of epilepsy is not different between men and women, the treatment of women with epilepsy is much more complex, and the occurrence and treatment of epilepsy in women is affected by many special circumstances, such as birth control pills and hormone replacement therapy, and epilepsy treatment may affect appearance, menstruation, childbirth, pregnancy, and child feeding. and child feeding care. So, what are the special circumstances of women with epilepsy? The first and most important feature of female epilepsy is that, unlike men, women have menstrual cycles, which are characterized by cyclical changes in the levels of sex hormones, and sex hormones themselves, especially estrogen, have a significant impact on seizures. The second feature is that it not only affects the person with epilepsy, but it may also affect her next generation because she has to get pregnant, give birth, and breastfeed, which are the two most important features of female epilepsy. These are two of the most important characteristics of female epilepsy. Generally speaking, this characteristic begins with the menstrual cycle, with the first menstruation, and generally speaking, the first menstruation, as Chinese medicine says, occurs at the age of 14, and the menopause is complete at the age of 49. Of course, epilepsy itself may also affect the changes in the female reproductive cycle, which are mutually influential. Many people think that epilepsy is a single disorder. When in fact, epilepsy is a group of diseases. It is reported that there are more than 140 types of epilepsy, epileptic syndromes and epileptic encephalopathies that have been widely recognized internationally. Therefore, the diagnosis of epilepsy is complex. It is reported that in the United States, it takes 1 to 2 years to confirm the diagnosis in some patients. Moreover, the diagnosis of epilepsy not only clarifies whether it is epilepsy, but also determines the type and cause of seizures, which is significant in determining the treatment plan and judging the prognosis. Epilepsy is caused by abnormal brain cell discharges; therefore, any disease that can cause damage to the cerebral cortex may induce epilepsy. The causes vary by age group. Common causes in children and infants include brain dysplasia, perinatal injury, fever convulsions, and intracranial infections, while cerebrovascular disease, traumatic brain injury, brain tumors, and hippocampal sclerosis are common in elderly patients. Experts say that after epilepsy is diagnosed, cranial CT, MRI, SPECT, PET, and magnetoencephalography can be done to clarify the cause. If medication does not work well, surgery is performed, and precise location of the lesion is the key to successful surgery. In clinical practice, we often encounter patients with epilepsy who have been suffering from the disease for many years, with recurrent seizures and untreated symptoms, confusion and limb convulsions at each attack. The patient has been taking a variety of drugs, but the results are not very effective. The first step is to choose an antiepileptic drug according to the “right number for the right place” principle, start with a small dose, and then increase the dose as appropriate. If possible, the blood concentration of the drug should be measured so that the dose can be adjusted scientifically. If possible, the blood concentration of the drug should also be measured so that the dose can be adjusted scientifically. After the dose is determined and maintained, the number of daily doses and doses should be constant and should not be easily changed. Only when the medication has been taken regularly for more than a few months and is really ineffective, should we consider changing the medication or adding other medications under the guidance of a doctor, otherwise it will be detrimental to the condition. Clinical studies at home and abroad show that after regular antiepileptic drug treatment, about 70% of patients with epilepsy can have their seizures controlled, and 50% to 60% of patients can be cured after 2 to 5 years of treatment and can work and live like normal people. It is common to encounter many patients and their families who ask if epilepsy can be cured and when they can stop taking their medication. Epilepsy is basically a chronic disease, and medication should be a long-term process. The first thing you should do is to take your medication for a few months and then think that you are done and abandon the medication hastily. This is not known, so the disease is often easy to revive, and the symptoms may be more serious, so that the previous efforts to waste. The correct treatment method is to start slowly reducing the medication only after the disease has been fully controlled for a long time (generally more than 3 years), and to stop it completely for about six months. This treatment is more complete and less prone to recurrence. It can be said that the process of epilepsy treatment is like a “marathon”, not a “100-meter race”, and it requires a lot of patience and persistence in treatment. 1. Symptomatic epilepsy caused by specific etiologies. Such as developmental abnormalities, brain tumors, traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular disease, various metabolic diseases, hypoxia, infection, and parasites. This is because of the persistence of abnormal intracranial lesions, resulting in abnormal discharges of epileptic foci that cannot be eliminated with drugs, i.e., the drugs cannot control the epilepsy and become refractory epilepsy; 2. Refractory epilepsy syndrome. Such as infantile spasms and medial temporal lobe epilepsy syndrome, which are quite related to the patient’s genetics and metabolism. Severe epilepsy leads to abnormalities in certain intracranial structures, such as the hippocampus and amygdala, which can also lead to intractable epilepsy; 3. Epilepsy caused by improper medical treatment or human factors. 1 Poor guidance and errors by physicians or the inability of patients to actively cooperate, resulting in some patients taking medication when they have a seizure, stopping medication when they do not have a seizure, and eating and stopping, so that even medications that were effective become ineffective and finally cause intractable epilepsy. 2 Taking ingredients The actual fact is that you will be able to get a lot more than just a few of the most popular and most popular products. Refractory epilepsy can be operated Refractory epilepsy is epilepsy and epilepsy syndrome that cannot be terminated with reasonable medication or has been clinically proven to be refractory with the application of current antiepileptic drugs during the effective treatment period. Simply put, it is epilepsy in which the seizures cannot be controlled by multiple efforts using regular drug therapy. Patients with refractory epilepsy can be treated with surgery. For epilepsy due to intracranial lesions with short preoperative seizures, medication may be unnecessary or short-term after surgery, but for most patients, medication will continue for 1 to 2 years after surgery; if there are no seizures, the dosage can be gradually reduced until the medication is discontinued; if there are still seizures after surgery, long-term medication is still required, and the type and dosage of medication taken varies according to the experience of the patient and the physician. In medial temporal lobe epilepsy, nearly 70% of patients can have their seizures terminated after surgery, thus bidding farewell to antiepileptic drugs for life. For epilepsy caused by cavernous hemangioma, more than 90% of patients can say goodbye to epilepsy. If the patient is found to have a seizure, what should be done? 1. Immediately go up and hold the patient and try to let him fall down slowly to avoid falling. At the same time, before the patient’s lips are tightly closed, quickly roll the handkerchief, gauze, etc. into a roll and place it between the patient’s lower teeth to prevent biting the tongue when the teeth are tightly closed. For those who have fallen and face on the ground, should make it turn over to avoid airway obstruction, at this time, if the patient has closed the teeth, do not forcibly pry open, otherwise it will cause the patient’s teeth loose and fall off. Then the rescuer untie the patient’s collar and trouser belt, so that it breathes freely. To prevent the patient from spitting saliva or vomit inhalation of the trachea caused by ventricular rest, rescuer or family members should always guard the patient’s body, at any time to wipe away the patient’s spit; 2, protect the patient do not fall, bruises. Convulsing patients should not press the limbs to avoid fractures. Pay attention to the heart and respiratory condition, and put life support in the first place. The state of continuous seizure should be given oxygen, and artificial respiration should be given after the convulsions and breathing is not restored in time; 3. Send the patient to hospital as soon as possible.