Hemorrhagic fever, or epidemic hemorrhagic fever, also known as renal syndrome hemorrhagic fever, is an important infectious disease that endangers human health and is caused by epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus (hantavirus). It is a natural disease of epidemic origin with rodents as the main source of infection. The main clinical manifestations are fever, hemorrhage, congestion, hypotensive shock and kidney damage.
Host animals and sources of infection are mainly small rodents, including wild rats and domestic rats.
2, the transmission route The main transmission is animal-derived, the virus can be excreted through the blood and saliva, urine, stool of the host animal. Direct transmission from rodent to human is an important way of human infection.
3.Population susceptibility It is generally believed that the population is generally susceptible, with a low rate of latent infection, a high incidence in young adults in general, and lasting immunity after the disease.
Hemorrhagic fever vaccination population Epidemic hemorrhagic fever vaccine is one of the main means of preventing epidemic hemorrhagic fever.
People aged 10-70 years in areas with high risk of hemorrhagic fever are the targets of vaccination. Forestry workers, civilian workers at water conservancy sites, field camp staff and army officers and soldiers in general infected areas should also be vaccinated. Vaccination is especially necessary for people who enter infected areas from non-infected areas due to economic development and military deployment.
How to use the vaccine 1. Intramuscular injection into the deltoid muscle on the outside of the upper arm; 2. Dosage and interval of inactivated hemorrhagic fever (type I) vaccine: 1.0ml for the first injection; 1.0ml for the second injection 7 days after the first injection; 1.0ml for the third injection 21 days after the second injection; and 1.0ml for the booster is 6 months after the first injection. After hemorrhagic fever vaccination, its protection rate can reach about 90%.
After injection, there is no reaction or mild reaction, low reaction rate, and a few people have fever or rash. The body temperature is <38℃, local reactions are rare, and temporary hard nodules may appear in very few people due to slow absorption after injection, but they can be absorbed soon.
The following three points should be noted when using the vaccine: 1. The vaccine contains adjuvant and should be shaken well before injection; 2. The vaccine should not be used if it turns yellow or purple, which may be due to contamination; 3.