Rehabilitation training methods after fracture of the lower leg

      The fracture of the calf will not seriously hinder the movement, but pay attention to the early fracture rest as much as possible, premature exercise will only be counterproductive as for the late exercise nothing special calf well walking is OK, if it is after the external fixation frame, it is recommended that early functional exercise, knee and quadriceps exercise, can prevent joint stiffness and muscle atrophy, should also be early column abduction down to the ground.       The rehabilitation training of the lower leg fracture can be divided into three phases: early phase of rehabilitation training of the lower leg fracture: this phase is one to two weeks after the injury, when the injured limb is swollen, painful, the fracture end is unstable and easily re-displaced. Therefore, the main purpose of functional exercise in this period is to promote blood circulation in the affected limb to facilitate swelling and stabilization of the fracture. The main form of rehabilitation training is the isometric contraction of the injured limb muscles, i.e., under the premise of joint immobility, the muscles do rhythmic static contraction and relaxation, i.e., what we usually call tensing and loosening, through which the isometric contraction of muscles can prevent muscle atrophy or adhesion.       In this period of rehabilitation training, in principle, except for the upper and lower joints of the fracture area do not move, all other parts of the body should carry out normal activities.       Middle period of rehabilitation training after calf fracture: 2 weeks after the injury to the clinical healing of the fracture, during this period, the swelling of the injured limb gradually decreases, the pain decreases, the fracture ends have fiber connections and gradually form bone scabs, and the fracture place becomes more and more stable. During this period, in addition to continuing muscle contraction training of the injured limb, the movement of the proximal and distal unfixed joints and the upper and lower joints of the fracture can be gradually restored with the help of the rehabilitation therapist, and gradually change from passive to active activities to prevent the decrease of joint mobility of the adjacent joints. When the condition permits, the patient should get up as soon as possible to perform full body activities. In addition, physical therapy can be used to reduce swelling, remove blood stasis and promote the formation of bone scabs.      Five to six weeks after the injury, the fracture has sufficient bone scab formation to further expand the range of motion and strength, gradually increase active joint flexion and extension activities from one joint to several joints, prevent muscle atrophy, and avoid joint stiffness. Fractures involving the articular surface often leave significant joint dysfunction; therefore, it is best to start non-weight-bearing active motion of the articular surface about 2 weeks after fixation, and then to fix it afterward. In this way, the mutual extrusion and friction between the articular cartilage surfaces can promote the repair of articular cartilage and make it better shaped, and at the same time, prevent the formation of intra-articular adhesions.      Late stage of rehabilitation training after calf fracture: clinical healing has been achieved or external fixation has been removed, at this time, bony scab has been formed, X-ray examination has been revealed, the bone has a certain support force, but most of the adjacent joints have decreased joint mobility, muscle atrophy and other dysfunctions. The purpose of rehabilitation in this period is to restore joint mobility and muscle strength of the affected joints, so that limb function can be restored. The main form of rehabilitation training is active movement and weight-bearing exercises of the injured limb joints, so that the joints can quickly return to normal range of motion and normal strength of the limbs. The rehabilitation period can be accompanied by physical therapy and gait training.       The purpose of calf fracture rehabilitation training is to promote the recovery of body functions after fracture and prevent the occurrence of complications and secondary diseases through targeted training. For those who have lost function, the training can compensate for the lost function and improve the quality of life. This enables the patient to return to society and work as soundly as possible.