The dilatation and tearing of the vagina during childbirth may involve the anus, but the symptoms of postpartum anal fissure are usually caused by dry stools, chronic constipation, and the friction and impact of feces on the anal canal during defecation. In addition, if the patient has inflammation of the intestinal tract and anal canal after delivery, or if there is sphincter exposure or emotional tension after delivery, it may cause anal fissures. In addition, the fragile anterior and posterior parts of the anal canal and the poor stretchability of the caudal ligament also make anal fissures more likely to occur. Treatment mainly includes medication and surgical treatment: 1. Medication: If the patient has mild symptoms or the fissure has just occurred, medication can be administered, such as polyethylene glycol bulking agent, lactulose, febipran, or injection of botulinum toxin, which can help soften the stool, inhibit the contraction of the internal anal sphincter and relieve the symptoms, but there may be certain side effects. If patients need to breastfeed, they should follow medical advice to avoid indirectly affecting the baby through breast milk; 2. Surgical treatment: mainly includes sphincter expansion, internal sphincterotomy, internal sphincter lateralization, anal fissure excision, etc. Compared with conservative treatment, surgical treatment has the advantages of releasing the spasm of the internal sphincter and lower recurrence rate, and is suitable for most patients, who can choose the corresponding treatment according to their own condition; 3. Avoid smoking and alcohol, avoid eating spicy and irritating foods, such as chili, hot pot, raw garlic, ginger and so on. Also need to pay attention to keep local cleanliness, can be dissolved in warm water after the potassium permanganate sitz bath, help prevent infection.