? Osteomalacia is a series of symptoms caused by osteophytes, which is a physiological and pathological compensatory change in the bone and joint area of the human body, i.e. degenerative lesion. It occurs in the cervical spine, lumbar spine, knee, ankle and other joints of the body. Generally speaking, most of the vertebral hyperplasia is due to the degeneration of the intervertebral discs of the vertebral body with age (after 20 years of age), and if muscle strain is added to the weakening of muscle tone, it is more likely to gradually lead to instability of the vertebral body, which in turn causes the ligaments attached to the vertebral body to pull and tear, resulting in local or peripheral bleeding and inflammation, and after a series of processes, the vertebral body is ossified around and osteophytes occur. Knee joint hyperplasia is caused by cartilage degeneration after the knee joint reaches a certain age, and the articular cartilage is then destroyed or even peeled off, which in turn leads to vascular proliferation at the cartilage and increased bone pressure after the healing of cartilage and dry bone microfractures, eventually causing knee joint hyperplasia. As for heel bone hyperplasia, it is often caused by people engaging in long-term physical labor, or walking for too long or improperly treated after trauma, resulting in strain on the fascia around the heel bone, or tiny tears, local bleeding, hematomas, etc., which gradually form bone spurs after a long time. The causes of osteophytes are many, and are summarized in the following reasons: ① Chinese medicine believes that “the kidney is the main reservoir of essence, the main bone marrow”, if the kidney essence is sufficient, the body is strong and healthy, the bone shape and internal structure is normal, and can withstand strain and general injury. If the liver blood is sufficient, the tendons are strong, protecting the bones and nourishing the bone marrow, and restraining the bones from excessive activity and preventing dislocation. If the kidney essence deficiency, liver blood deficiency is poor bone development, lack of nutrition, that is, the inability to protect the bones, nourish the bone marrow, and can not restrain the bones to prevent dislocation, over time, the joint gradually chronic strain, premature degeneration, the formation of osteophytes. ② High fluorine areas (high fluoride in water). Because of fluorine on the bone can play a weathering, corrosion, destruction of periosteum damage, joint hypertrophy and the formation of osteophytes, that is, commonly referred to as fluorosis, large bone disease. (3) External wind, cold and dampness, or living in a humid place for a long time, and wading in the rain, etc.. The external evil invades the meridians and channels of the muscular surface, and the joints, tendons and bones, resulting in the blockage of qi and blood in all or a certain part of the body, paralysis of the meridians and veins, and loss of nourishment of the tendons and bones, gradually becoming bone paralysis. ④ Trauma and strain injury. Long time to bear the super-intensity of external strain, such as a specific state to take the incorrect posture of continuous stressful work or a long time a position, etc., can cause acute or chronic injury to the joints, to occur in the neck, waist spine and hip, knee, ankle and other weight-bearing joints more. When external force acts on the weight-bearing joint parts, it can cause local disorder of qi and blood in the joint where the force is most concentrated, which can seriously lead to tendon damage and bone injury, and blood flow does not follow the normal path and overflows outside the veins to form stagnation of blood stasis, resulting in damage to the bone structure of the joint and, in the long run, joint osteophytes. ⑤ phlegm-damp internal obstruction. Fat people have more phlegm and dampness, so fat people are prone to this disease, obese body, more Yang deficiency and dampness, warm gathering into phlegm, with the flow of the joint parts; and fat people can increase the weight of the joint. Both can cause the joint local blood flow is not smooth, the tendons and bones are not normal, long then become paralysis. In fact, osteophytes are a physiological phenomenon. Therefore, the general hyperplasia is not a problem if it does not produce symptoms. Therefore, it is not necessary to “talk about bone spurs”. However, it must be reminded that the most crucial thing to prevent osteophytes is to prevent muscle strain, and it is important to treat muscle strain as soon as possible. There are two main types of treatment methods for osteophytes, conservative and non-conservative. Conservative therapy includes massage, acupuncture, drug ionization, acupuncture point injection, external application, ultrashort wave physiotherapy, small needle knife, etc.; Chinese and Western medicine can also be given according to the symptoms; if necessary, surgery is required to relieve pain as soon as possible.