Liu Xinjian, Department of Hematology, Henan Cancer Hospital October 25 is the first International Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) World Awareness Day. MDS is a group of heterogeneous hematopoietic stem cell disorders with an annual incidence of about 5 per 100,000 in the general population in Europe and the United States and about 26 per 100,000 in people older than 70 years old. There is no data on the incidence of this disease in China. The disease is mostly seen in the elderly abroad, and the age of onset in China is younger than abroad. The disease is characterized by three main features: 1. pathological hematopoiesis of the bone marrow, including the erythrocyte system, leukocyte system and megakaryocytes. 2. ineffective hematopoiesis of the bone marrow and the resulting hematocrit reduction. This includes simple erythrocytopenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and holocytopenia. The disease is often characterized by simple erythrocytopenia and allogeneic cytopenia. 3. High risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia. According to foreign data, about one-third of patients have to transform into acute myeloid leukemia. Some types of myelodysplastic syndromes develop very slowly and patients can survive for years, decades or even decades, with patients eventually dying of bone marrow failure and never developing leukemia. In contrast, some survive without treatment for only a few months or 1-2 years, and most patients eventually develop acute myeloid leukemia. MDS is not one disease, but the sum of many diseases with the same or similar clinical symptoms. Therefore, the pathogenesis of different types of myelodysplastic syndromes differs, and the treatment outcome and prognosis of the disease vary greatly. With the development of medical science in recent years, the understanding of myelodysplastic syndromes has been greatly improved, and the types of myelodysplastic syndromes such as chronic granulocytic leukemia, 5q- syndrome, and treatment-related MDS have now been separated out and treated accordingly. Because myelodysplastic syndrome is a syndrome, it is very difficult to diagnose and often results in misdiagnosis. Nowadays, the application of bone marrow cytology, flow cytology, cytogenetics and molecular biology techniques to diagnose myelodysplastic syndromes has significantly improved the correct diagnosis rate and reduced misdiagnosis. Recently, the adoption of new generation gene sequencing methods to detect genes related to myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative diseases can significantly improve the diagnosis of MDS, prognosis grouping level, and also predict the treatment response of certain drugs. The Department of Hematology of Henan Cancer Hospital will hold an educational event for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome on October 25 at 2:30 pm in the Academic Lecture Hall on the 25th floor. The main content of the event is: Liu Xinjian, director of the anemia area of the hematology department of Henan Provincial Cancer Hospital, will talk about the latest diagnosis and treatment methods of MDS and family care knowledge. On-site answers to questions from patients and families about MDS. Free distribution of “MDS Patient Handbook” prepared by International MDS Foundation. Establishment of WeChat group and QQ group for MDS patients in Henan.