Yang Feng, Department of Integrative Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital In China, Chinese medicine is widely used in the treatment of malignant tumors, and it has become an important part in the comprehensive treatment of malignant tumors nowadays. Chinese medicine is not only widely used in combating toxic side effects of radiotherapy and restoring patients’ physique, but also has become the main treatment method for patients with serious comorbidities, advanced age, multiple courses of radiotherapy, or patients with deterioration of physique due to tumor progression, who cannot tolerate conventional radiotherapy. It has also been widely used in anti-relapse and metastasis. Especially with the emergence of the theory and method of biotargeted therapy, due to certain similarities between this anti-cancer theory and method and the traditional Chinese medicine theory and method, some people in the field of tumor therapy believe that the position of Chinese medicine in the treatment of malignant tumors will become more and more important. One thing is certain, that is, the overall thinking method of Chinese medicine against cancer is correct. How to transform the correct thinking into clinically effective treatment methods, how to critically summarize and evaluate the clinical anticancer methods of Chinese medicine nowadays, carry forward the strengths, correct the mistakes, draw on the latest research results of cancer, and create new anticancer theories of Chinese medicine and clinically efficacious treatment methods is an important task for Chinese oncology circles. Yang Feng, Department of Integrative Medicine, Henan Cancer Hospital The author has been engaged in the clinical work of integrative medicine and western medicine for nearly twenty years, and now he puts forward several problems in the clinical work of traditional Chinese medicine against cancer for common discussion and analysis. First, the problem of anti-cancer medication based on evidence-based treatment: evidence-based treatment is the essence of Chinese medicine theory, and the evidence of Chinese medicine is the basis of clinical medication. According to the evidence, medication should be used according to the evidence, and medication should be used according to the evidence. This kind of evidence-based anti-cancer treatment fully embodies the characteristics of individualized treatment. It not only reflects that different individuals are treated differently, but also reflects that the same individual is treated differently in different states and different stages of diseases. For most of the diseases, its scientific and rationality is obvious. As long as the dialectic is accurate and the medicines match the evidence, it can be effective. However, for the treatment of cancer, it is not satisfactory. The therapeutic effect of dialectic treatment often has some effect on the improvement of symptoms, while the inhibition of tumor proliferation is not obvious. Thus, it has little effect on the progression of the disease. Analyzing the reason, it may be related to the specificity of tumor disease. Analyzed carefully, the clinical symptoms of patients with malignant tumors are composed of three parts: 1. Symptoms directly related to tumor development. (1) Symptoms caused by compression and obstruction of tumor, such as swallowing obstruction of esophageal cancer, trachea obstruction of lung cancer, obstruction of bile duct, stomach and intestinal tract tumors, urethra obstruction of prostate cancer and bladder cancer, compression of brain tumor, and various compression and obstruction symptoms of metastatic cancer. (2) Pain, fever, hemorrhage, perforation caused by tumor infiltration, vesicular ulcer, necrotic absorption, etc. 2. Symptoms indirectly related to tumor progression. (1) Nutritional disorders such as wasting, anemia, cachexia. (2) Combined infection. (3) Related organ and tissue dysfunction.3. Symptoms related to surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Such as bone marrow suppression, immune dysfunction, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and organ tissue damage. The patient’s tongue texture, tongue coating and pulse are also determined by the above three conditions. Most of the certificates of tumor patients are dialectically derived from the above symptoms. Although patients can get some benefits from the treatment of medicines for such evidence, they are only grasping the branches and failing to grasp the root of controlling the proliferation of tumor cells. To solve the defect of inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells, it is necessary to transform the traditional diagnosis and treatment of anticancer treatment, to look for the rules and prescriptions that have the ability to regulate the proliferation of cancer cells, and to combine with the traditional diagnosis and treatment, so as to make it have the role of both symptomatic and fundamental treatment. In the past, under the guidance of Chinese medicine thinking, there have been some researches, such as softening and dispersing knots, activating blood and removing blockages, regulating qi and resolving phlegm, and fighting toxins with toxins. From years of practice of Chinese medicine against cancer, the tumor suppression effect is still unsatisfactory. The authors believe that it should be researched and explored from two aspects. First, integrating the latest research results of life science and modern medicine, researching and exploring the basis and methods of TCM anti-cancer medication. For example, drawing on the theory and method of biological targeted therapy, we should carry out basic and clinical research on the regulation of cell proliferation signaling system, and use TCM to regulate the neuroendocrine system related to tumor development to achieve the purpose of controlling tumors. To control tumor growth by regulating cell growth and apoptosis with Chinese medicine. Secondly, from hundreds of years of clinical practice of Chinese medicine, summarize and reason out the drugs and methods of Chinese medicine which are aimed at the new targets discovered by modern research, and conduct research and verification under the guidance of Chinese medicine theory. Eventually, a new anti-cancer theory and method with Chinese characteristics will be created. In today’s Chinese medicine anticancer drugs, it is more common to use drugs based on the pharmacology of Chinese medicine. Nowadays, it is also common to use Chinese medicines for anticancer treatment according to the pharmacology of Chinese medicines. Most of them adopt the traditional method of identification and treatment combined with the pharmacology of Chinese medicines. This method of medication is named as the combination of dialectical evidence and dialectical disease. It seems to be more perfect, both to take care of the evidence and take into account the disease, the evidence is true to its name, but the disease is not true to its name. The so-called disease refers to the cancer diagnosed by Western medicine, and the medication used for the defense of disease should be the medication with the function of inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells. However, the anticancer Chinese medicines commonly used nowadays are all the conclusions drawn from the pharmacological research of Chinese medicines in the 1970s. It can be said to be the product of mass movement. These conclusions, due to the influence of politics at the time, are unconditional, one-upmanship, poor science. It was impossible to remove the suspicion of being exaggerated and untrue. More importantly, at that time, the main method of screening anticancer Chinese medicine was animal transplantation tumor suppression test, even if the experimental design was scientifically rigorous, it could only reflect the cytotoxic effect of Chinese medicine. The cytotoxic effect of raw Chinese medicine that cannot be purified and added to the soup for consumption is not as good as that of chemotherapy in any case. Today, under the situation that chemotherapy drugs continue to be developed and their efficacy continues to be improved, it is not necessary for Chinese medicine to still grasp the uncertainty of its efficacy as the basis of medication more than 30 years ago. Discovering the role of Chinese medicine in regulating the growth of cancer cells is the way out to improve the efficacy of Chinese medicine against cancer. Anti-Cancer Problems of Non-pharmacological Therapies of Chinese Medicine The theory of meridians and acupoints is an important part of Chinese medicine theory. Acupuncture, moxibustion and acupoint therapy play an important role in regulating the balance of the body and treating diseases. However, it is rarely applied in anti-cancer. It is only seen to fight against the side effects of chemotherapy such as alleviating the reaction of the digestive tract, and treating leukopenia after chemotherapy. There is no direct application of inhibiting the growth of cancerous tissues. The reason for this is that in the past, there was no understanding of whether the regulation of the body’s internal environment could affect the proliferation of cancer cells. Nowadays, research on cancer development has proved that the development of cancer tissues can be controlled by regulating the balance of growth factors and inhibitory factors of cancer cells, the balance of growth and apoptosis, the balance of oncogenes and oncogenes, the regulation of immune system, the regulation of blood vessel growth, and the regulation of protease system. These research results show that it is completely possible to regulate the growth of cancer cells with TCM acupuncture and acupoint therapy. The past effects of acupuncture and acupoint therapy on some precancerous lesions (e.g., atrophic gastritis) and proliferative skin diseases (e.g., psoriasis) also indicate that acupuncture and acupoint therapy have a regulatory effect on genes or other related factors. It is worth further research. Fourth, the application of Chinese medicine in combining Chinese and western medicine to fight cancer The present method of combining Chinese and western medicine to fight cancer is to use chemotherapy according to the theory of western medicine and Chinese medicine according to the theory of Chinese medicine, and the so-called combination is to be used together on the same patient. The so-called combination is to be used together on the same patient. It is unknown whether the two are antagonistic or synergistic in the body, and whether they are advantageous or disadvantageous, if you kill your own and I kill mine, or if you kill me and I protect you, or if you lose me and I make up for you. There is no mature theory or experience on how to combine scientifically. The authors believe that the application of TCM in the combination of Chinese and Western medicine should be considered from the aspects of protecting the patient’s physique and effectively killing cancer cells. The two should not be neglected. The purpose of using medicine should be clear, which can be roughly categorized into five cases according to different kinds of diseases, different stages, previous therapeutic responses, general conditions, etc.: (i) Improving the sensitivity of cancer cells to chemotherapy. (ii) Preventing and treating toxic side effects of radiotherapy. (iii) Restoring patients’ physical strength. (D) Prolonging the time of tumor regrowth after surgery and radiotherapy. (v) Anti-relapse and metastasis treatment. The role of Chinese medicine in (i) and (iv) should be emphasized. Combination of Chinese and Western medicines in anti-cancer treatment should take the road of combining medicines according to the purpose of combination and evidence-based treatment. Combination of Chinese and Western medicines against cancer is not a simple addition of Chinese and Western medicines, but a scientific method of combining Chinese and Western medicines against cancer should be explored. V. Objects and focuses of anti-cancer treatment of Chinese medicine In the past, Chinese medicine was mainly used for advanced patients who could not tolerate radiotherapy or hospice treatment. This has seriously affected the play of anti-cancer function of Chinese medicine. The theory of biotargeted therapy has completely broken the concept that killing cancer cells with cytotoxic drugs is the only effective way to fight cancer in medical oncology. It is found that the proliferation of cancer cells can be controlled by regulating the signaling system. This is a major revolution in the concept of medical oncology. This has brought a bright prospect for TCM anti-cancer treatment by regulating the signaling system as a therapeutic means. The target and focus of TCM anti-cancer treatment should also be changed. The authors believe that in the future, the objects and focuses of Chinese medicine anti-cancer treatment should be: (1) precancerous lesions. (ii) Early stage cancer. (iii) Anti-recurrence and metastasis after surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. (iv) Patients who are not sensitive to radiotherapy. The rationale is that by regulating the environment and signaling system of tumor growth, it is possible to reverse pre-cancerous lesions and stop proliferation or differentiation towards direction of early-stage cancer. By regulating the body’s internal environment, the small number of cancer cells remaining after surgery and radiotherapy will lose the conditions for proliferation. Increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiotherapy by regulating growth factors in the body. Theoretically all of them can be done. Controlling tumor growth through regulation has been well proven. Traditional Chinese medicine, which takes regulation and balance as its method, should be able to play an important role in subduing cancer. As long as we have the right approach and through unremitting efforts, the prophecy that Chinese medicine is becoming more and more important in the treatment of tumors will be fulfilled and will certainly be realized.