“Back and leg pain or neck and shoulder pain is a very common disease, and because it is common in the elderly, many patients think it is “old age” and rarely think about seeking medical attention. In fact, low back pain is not only limited to the elderly, there are many cases from teenagers to the elderly, and there is no gender difference. The first method most people use when the pain strikes is massage and massage, from the perspective of professional physicians, physical therapy, acupuncture have a certain role in relieving symptoms, you can try, but Chinese medicine massage generally only on the basis of a clear diagnosis, stable condition can be carried out, some irregular massage not only can not treat the disease, and will aggravate the condition. There are also people who are influenced by the overwhelming advertisements nowadays and believe that back and leg pain is caused by calcium deficiency, so they blindly take calcium supplements, but in fact, unless there is really osteoporosis, it is not common for patients who really need calcium supplements, and the consequences of doing so are more likely to delay the disease. Especially for patients with long-lasting pain, recurrent attacks and progressive aggravation, once the condition has progressed to the point of affecting the patient’s walking and urinary and faecal functions, then treatment may be difficult for the patient to fully recover and will leave a lifelong disability, seriously affecting the quality of life. “There are many causes of low back pain and neck and shoulder pain, and it is difficult to diagnose the causes, especially for non-specialist doctors, so there is a saying that “patients have back pain, doctors have headaches”. There are three reasons for this: First, there are many such patients. According to statistics, patients with low back pain and neck and shoulder pain can account for 1/4 of surgical outpatients every day. Second, there are many causes. Low back pain and neck and shoulder pain are common symptoms of many diseases, and the causes are very complicated. Thirdly, there are many various treatment methods, such as acupuncture, physiotherapy, massage, traction, closure, surgery, etc. Sometimes it seems that the conditions are the same, but after using the same treatment method, the effect is obviously different. But again, there are limitations to this statement. As long as the right specialty is found to treat this disease, and thorough physical examination and necessary imaging are performed according to the condition, the etiological diagnosis is not difficult. To achieve effective treatment, it is very important to have a clear diagnosis and to understand the cause of the pathogenesis. “Neurosurgery is a specialty that treats diseases of the brain” Not to mention the general public who have never been deeply exposed to medical knowledge, even quite some non-neurological medical professionals are not always fully aware of the scope of diseases treated by neurosurgery (some call it brain surgery). In professional terms, the field of neurosurgery includes surgical diseases of the central nervous system and its supporting systems. In other words, neurosurgery is the discipline that treats surgical diseases involving the brain, spinal cord, as well as the skull and spine. Among them, spinal-column neurosurgery involves one of the important causes of neck and shoulder pain and low back pain mentioned above, such as spinal cord tumors, neurological tumors, spinal tumors, herniated discs, cervical spondylosis, intravertebral vascular malformations, and intravertebral hemorrhage. In the field of spinal-cord neurosurgery, there are a considerable number of diseases that intersect with orthopedics, but for diseases affecting the spinal cord and nerves, neurosurgery, which has long matured into microsurgery techniques, clearly has more advantages in terms of nerve and spinal cord function protection. “There is a deep-rooted saying that “spinal cord surgery is dangerous, and if you do it, you will be paralyzed”. “Now I have to explain the safety of lumbar puncture to patients and families who need it. Spinal cord spine surgery is much less risky than neurosurgical brain surgery. For professional spinal cord spine neurosurgeons, lumbar spine surgery is basically routine, for example, lumbar disc herniation surgery has been performed for more than 70 years. Surgery for spinal cord tumors is slightly more risky because it involves the nerve-dense spinal cord and nerve tissues, but it is generally not life-threatening, and as we all know, tumors often have the characteristic of infinite growth. Of course, since the diagnosis and treatment of low back pain and neck and shoulder pain are very specialized, it is best to have a thorough examination and evaluation in a large hospital specialty to choose the best treatment for optimal treatment. Although the majority of patients can be treated conservatively, a significant number of patients require early surgical treatment to relieve the pain and improve their quality of life.