【Pre-Operative Health Education】 1. Increase nutrition and eat more high protein, high calorie and high vitamin food. Pay attention to rest and prevent colds, so as not to affect the operation. 2.Communication will be affected due to the temporary loss of pronunciation function after the operation, you should prepare a writing board or pen and paper for communication after the operation; if you can’t write, you should learn some simple gestures agreed with the medical staff beforehand. 3.Fasten food and water 6 hours before surgery. 4, the day before the operation, please do a good job of personal hygiene: haircut, shaving, bathing, cut finger (toe) nails. In the morning of surgery, you should put on a clean gown, take down your valuables, dentures, hairpins, watches, contact lenses, etc. and hand them over to your family members for safekeeping. 5. After the operation, the patient must be put into the monitoring room for monitoring, and the family members should prepare the necessary daily necessities (for details, see the pre-operative visit list). After the patient enters the operating room, he/she will be sent to the monitoring room. Post-operative health education】 1. On the day of surgery, patients should rest in bed, lying down for 6 hours, and then in a semi-recumbent position after 6 hours. On the first day after the operation, the patient can move slightly at the bedside, and then gradually increase the activity according to the situation; change the body position frequently. Prevent the occurrence of pneumonitis and decubitus ulcers. 2. The nurse will wet sputum for you on time, please hold your breath to cooperate with the wetting liquid; please relax and don’t be nervous when suctioning sputum. 3.Don’t swallow the secretion in your mouth to avoid affecting the wound healing. 4.After the surgery, you will bring back the drainage tube in order to drain out the blood from the surgical site and facilitate the healing of the incision. Therefore, the drainage tube must be clear, not twisted or dislodged, and the balloon connected to the other end must be deflated to ensure that it is effective. If there is any dislocation or blockage and the bulb swells up, please notify the medical staff promptly. It is usually removed in 2–3 days. Diet: 1) Total laryngectomy or hemilaryngectomy patients: fast for 6 hours after the operation, after 6 hours, a small amount of warm water can be injected into the gastric tube, and if there is no discomfort, the nursing staff will inject a liquid diet from the gastric tube at regular intervals. (2) Gastro-pharyngeal anastomosis patients: postoperative fasting, about 2 – 3 days after the ability to anal exhaust before giving the normal amount of food and drink, from the jejunostomy into. Place the gastrointestinal decompression for about 7 days, and then you can try to eat by mouth, if there is no choking and other discomfort complaints can be removed from the jejunostomy. 3) there is a mispharyngeal, choking, need to strengthen swallowing training: take a sitting position, head tilted forward, gently press the anterior cervical region with fingers to reduce choking, and then practice swallowing when the breath holding action, repeated training; will be adjusted to the thicker food paste (such as lotus root powder, steamed eggs, soaked steamed bread or cake), because the paste food is not easy to choke into the trachea. When the misophagy is reduced, gradually change to semi-liquid, most of the food can be fed from the mouth, and can be considered for extubation. 6, such as dry stools, do not force to discard; such as diarrhea, diarrhea, should be timely contact with health care personnel. [Discharge health guidance] 1, the patient and the family must master the correct washing tracheal tube and change the tracheal cushion method: * change the tracheal cushion method: the tracheal cushion ends of the rope through the tracheal cannula after the amount of rope crossed and tied in a live knot on the side of the head and neck, loosening and tightening to be able to accommodate a finger is appropriate. Replace the tracheal cushion 1–2 times/day. 2.When wiping sputum, do not stuff cotton swabs, rolls of paper, etc. into the trocar, so as not to cause tracheal foreign body. 3.Drop wetting solution into the cannula regularly. Increase fluid intake to keep the respiratory mucosa moist. Increase indoor air humidity to prevent dry respiratory secretions from crusting. The mouth of the cannula can be covered with gauze to prevent cold air from stimulating the respiratory tract and preventing inhalation of foreign bodies. 4, not to do water sports, not to wash the bath, appropriate basin bath, but the water of the basin bath should not be too high. 5, strengthen the nutrition, diet should be light, small meals. Prohibit smoking and alcohol, avoid spicy food. 6.Participate in appropriate physical exercise to enhance physical fitness and prevent respiratory tract infections. Less crowded places. 7, easy to eat choking patients continue to make swallowing training, and gradually find out the most suitable swallowing position; avoid swallowing too quickly and talking and laughing when eating; avoid eating too hard, large pieces of food, in order to prevent choking. 8.Encourage the patients to insist on vocal training, and enhance their confidence in restoring language function. 9.Regular follow-up, if there is stoma redness, swelling or granulation growth, feeling of obstruction in eating, dyspnea or abnormal cervical lymph nodes during the period, timely consultation should be made. 10.Learn how to check your cervical lymph node enlargement. I hope that through the above introduction, you can have a preliminary understanding of the prevention and treatment of laryngeal surgery, to enhance your understanding of the surgery, in order to cooperate with the treatment and care, and to achieve the expected results at an early date.