There is no single test that can provide decisive information on the localization of epilepsy, so patients with epilepsy need to be examined by several different methods and then analyzed together to reach a conclusion. Preoperative evaluations can be divided into two categories: invasive and non-invasive, and others in between such as the Wada test. EEG remains the key method for the surgical evaluation of epilepsy. Long-range video EEG often provides satisfactory seizure-phase EEG as well as behavioral manifestations during seizures. The characteristic behavioral manifestations of some seizures can suggest the primary site of epilepsy, and some post-ictal impairments such as aphasia and mild hemiparesis of the limbs can also provide valuable information. Determining the presence of structural abnormalities is one of the key goals of preoperative evaluation, and high-resolution MRI can detect not only tumors and vascular malformations, but also hippocampal atrophy and cortical dysplasia. Positron emission computed tomography (PET) scans show cerebral glucose metabolism, with focal abnormalities often associated with epileptic areas. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) shows cerebral perfusion during interictal, ictal, and postictal periods, which can help determine the site of surgical resection. Functional MRI may also show limited cerebral perfusion abnormalities. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) can also provide localization or lateralization information in focal epilepsy. Functional neurosurgery has introduced the world’s most advanced full-headed 306-channel magnetoencephalography, which directly detects neurological activity in the brain by measuring the extremely weak biomagnetic signals emitted by neural currents in the brain. Since the detection process of MEG does not release any harmful rays, energy or machine noise, nor does it require the injection of any contrast or imaging agents, it is a completely non-invasive and non-invasive technique for detecting brain function, which greatly improves the diagnosis of epilepsy. Neuropsychological examination can determine the degree of deficits in higher cognitive activities and other functions, and can determine the area of functional deficits as well as provide a control for postoperative functional comparisons. wada test is used to determine the dominant language hemisphere and long term memory, and it can determine whether surgery will bring about deficits in language and higher cognitive activities and predict the prognosis of surgery. Intracranial EEG recordings can clarify the location of the initial onset of epilepsy and its spread. Intracranial electrodes can also be used for electrical stimulation for functional brain mapping to determine the extent of function before surgery and to predict the functional deficits that may result from surgery. The current prevalence of epilepsy is approximately 3 to 4 per 1,000, with 20% to 30% of epileptic patients having difficulty controlling their epilepsy with multiple antiepileptic drugs, and at least half of these patients are suitable for epilepsy surgical treatment. The goal of surgical treatment of epilepsy is complete control or remission of seizures. The selection criteria for patients undergoing resection surgery are generally divided into four categories: (1) focal seizures or secondary generalized seizures; (2) no remission trend after more than 2 years of regular medication; (3) seizures that seriously affect the patient’s quality of life; and (4) patients whose physical and mental status can cooperate with the preoperative evaluation and postoperative rehabilitation.