Ventricular septal defects have the possibility of self-healing. Self-healing of ventricular septal defects usually occurs within 3 years of age, especially within 1 year of age, and the possibility of self-healing decreases with age. The rate of self-healing is high for small defects and low for large defects. Those with combined pulmonary vascular changes or pulmonary hypertension are difficult to heal spontaneously; sub-stem defects are not seen to heal spontaneously and are prone to aortic valve prolapse. In brief summary, only a few congenital atrial septal defects and ventricular septal defects that are found in infancy and measure less than 0.5 cm have the potential to heal spontaneously. Although the purely hemodynamic impact of congenital atrial septal defects and ventricular septal defects under 0.5 cm is not very significant, these two types of diseases have different complications and potential effects on the body, such as paradoxical thrombosis, infective endocarditis and cerebral abscess, which tend to occur in adult patients, especially after the age of 60, triggered and aggravated by infections such as colds, so even if they are not treated at the hour, they are now advocated to Very small atrial and ventricular defects in adults should also be treated. Some of the small ventricular septal defects are also “self-healing” when the child has repeated colds and fevers, and blood flow impinges on the tricuspid structures or the edges of the ventricular defect, leading to endocardial hyperplasia and gradual closure of the ventricular defect, that is, at the risk of infective endocarditis in the child. Therefore, in these patients, all physicians agree that the heart should be reviewed periodically by ultrasound and that surgery should be performed promptly if the heart becomes enlarged and the lungs become congested on x-ray. Atrial defects larger than 1.0 cm in diameter, vena cava sinus type atrial defects, right ventricular enlargement and atrial defects older than 6 years of age have little chance of healing spontaneously. In huge ventricular septal defects, 25%-50% die within 1 year of age due to pneumonia and heart failure. Therefore, infants with recurrent heart failure should be treated with defect repair.