Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor among modern women, with about 3-4 out of every 10,000 women in urban areas in China. In economically developed areas, such as Shanghai, the incidence rate reaches 60 per 100,000 and is increasing year by year. Compared with European and American countries, our incidence rate is relatively low, however, the age of breast cancer incidence in China is younger, with the peak of incidence between 49 and 55 years old. What does breast cancer have to do with? The risk of breast cancer is 2-3 times higher than that of the general population if the mother or sister has a history of breast cancer. The risk of breast cancer is higher for women who have early menarche, late menopause, first child over 30 years old or have never had children. Environmental factors include migration to countries with a high incidence of breast cancer, poor lifestyle habits, exposure to high doses of radiation, etc. Other factors include post-menopausal obesity, other breast diseases, etc. Some women also use hormone replacement therapy or cosmetics containing hormones to make their skin look younger, which may increase the risk of the disease. There are some risk factors that we cannot completely avoid, but there are many risk factors that can be completely removed by changing our lifestyles. An optimistic and healthy mindset, regular and effective sleep, good relationships, and healthy eating habits are all effective ways to avoid the disease. Some women are extremely afraid of mastocytosis and believe that sooner or later it will develop into breast cancer, which is wrong. Mastocytosis is one of the most common clinical diseases in adult women, and the majority of them are normal physiological phenomena. Some breast cells fluctuate regularly with the level of sex hormones, and after the hyperplasia, the breast cells are not fully rejuvenated, resulting in various “nodules”. Some are mainly fibrotic thickening of the gland, some are diffuse nodules, and some show dilated milk ducts and cysts. If the pain is not severe and does not interfere with sleep and work, no special treatment is usually needed. As long as attention is paid to avoid violent mood swings such as anxiety, depression and frequent anger, timely improvement of insomnia, avoiding late nights and frequent visits to the outdoors and close to nature, etc., pain symptoms can be significantly reduced. However, regular breast check-ups and examinations are necessary, and if isolated nodes with higher grading are found, it is still necessary to consult a doctor in time. How do we detect breast cancer early? Early stage breast cancer is characterized by cancer cells that have not yet spread out of the breast or axillary lymph nodes, mainly referring to breast cancer with clinical stage 0-II. Some early detected ductal carcinoma in situ can have a cure rate of over 95% and have little impact on long-term survival and quality of life. Adult women are advised to insist on a serious breast self-examination once a month, which can be done a week after their menstrual period. If you find fluid flowing from the nipple, nipple indentation, changes in shape and size, or lumps, you should seek prompt medical attention from a specialist. A mammogram done with the help of a medical professional or nurse practitioner can prevent some of the warning signs that are missed during self-examination. Regular professional breast examinations are still very necessary. It is recommended that under the age of 40, a clinical breast examination be performed every 1-3 years; between the ages of 40 and 60, a mammogram or ultrasound and a clinical physical examination be performed once a year; and over the age of 60, a mammogram or ultrasound and a clinical physical examination be performed every 1-2 years. Nowadays, the diagnostic techniques for breast include mammography, breast ultrasound, histopathology, MRI, PET-CT, etc. The ultimate definitive diagnostic tool is pathological diagnosis. These include exfoliative cytology, fine needle aspiration cytology, excisional biopsy, ultrasound stereotactic hollow needle biopsy, and spin biopsy. Mammography can detect breast cancer at an early stage; the first mammogram should be done at the age of 40 and then every 1-2 years between the ages of 50 and 75; B-mode ultrasound can show the structure of the breast, the shape of the lump and its texture; CT examination: it can be used to locate breast lesions that cannot be felt before biopsy, to confirm the preoperative staging of breast cancer, to check the posterior region of the breast, the axilla and the internal breast, and to check whether the lymph nodes are enlarged. MRI, i.e. magnetic resonance imaging, is a high-tech method of examining the breast and is generally not used as a screening method, but is mostly used when the diagnosis is unclear and to determine the presence of multiple lesions before surgery.