Atrial fibrillation, referred to as atrial fibrillation, is one of the most common clinical arrhythmias. The overall prevalence in the general population is 0.4%, and the prevalence in adults ranges from 0.5% to 0.95%, with a prevalence of 1% in those over 60 years of age. With increasing age, atrial fibrillation has a tendency to increase gradually, reaching 10% in those over 75 years of age. The prevalence of atrial fibrillation is higher in patients with heart valve disease, and for patients with rheumatic heart disease, mitral stenosis, about half of the patients have combined atrial fibrillation. In atrial fibrillation, the direction of excitation in the atria is inconsistent and the frequency is fast and irregular, which deprives the atria of effective contraction. Although the protective effect of the atrioventricular node prevents all of these excitations from reaching the ventricles, the ventricular rate (heart rate) can still reach 100-160 beats/min, which is not only much faster than normal sinus rhythm, but also absolutely irregular in rhythm. Patients with atrial fibrillation have a complete loss of atrial systolic function, reducing cardiac function by approximately 25%, and are prone to the formation of left atrial thrombus, which, when dislodged, can lead to stroke or thromboembolism in other parts of the body, and in severe cases to hemiplegia.